Influence of renal function on the elimination of morphine and morphine glucuronides.

The influence of renal function, measured by 51Cr-EDTA clearance, on morphine and morphine glucuronide kinetics has been studied in 13 patients after a single i.v. injection of morphine. Unconjugated morphine and morphine glucuronides were measured by a sensitive, specific RIA after extraction from plasma. No significant correlation was found between total body clearance of unconjugated morphine and 51Cr-EDTA clearance. However, patients with renal insufficiency had impaired elimination of morphine glucuronides, and the apparent clearance was significantly correlated with the 51Cr-EDTA clearance (r = 0.94, p less than 0.001). A relatively long terminal elimination of half-life of morphine was found in all patients (mean +/- SD: 9.2 +/- 2.5 h), irrespective of glomerular function.