Urs Granacher1, Hassane Zouhal2, Seifeddine Brini3, Abderraouf Ben Abderrahman4, Cain C T Clark5, Sghaeir Zouita4, Anthony C Hackney6, Karuppasamy Govindasamy7. 1. Division of Training and Movement Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany. urs.granacher@uni-potsdam.de. 2. M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé) - EA 1274, University of Rennes, F-35000, Rennes, France. hassane.zouhal@univ-rennes2.fr. 3. Research Unit, Sportive Performance and Physical Rehabilitation, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia. 4. ISSEP Ksar-Essaid, University of La Manouba, Tunis, Tunisia. 5. Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK. 6. Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 7. Department of Physical Education & Sports Science, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, India.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We assessed the effects of gender, in association with a four-week small-sided games (SSGs) training program, during Ramadan intermitting fasting (RIF) on changes in psychometric and physiological markers in professional male and female basketball players. METHODS: Twenty-four professional basketball players from the first Tunisian (Tunisia) division participated in this study. The players were dichotomized by sex (males [GM = 12]; females [GF = 12]). Both groups completed a 4 weeks SSGs training program with 3 sessions per week. Psychometric (e.g., quality of sleep, fatigue, stress, and delayed onset of muscle soreness [DOMS]) and physiological parameters (e.g., heart rate frequency, blood lactate) were measured during the first week (baseline) and at the end of RIF (post-test). RESULTS: Post hoc tests showed a significant increase in stress levels in both groups (GM [- 81.11%; p < 0.001, d = 0.33, small]; GF [- 36,53%; p = 0.001, d = 0.25, small]). Concerning physiological parameters, ANCOVA revealed significantly lower heart rates in favor of GM at post-test (1.70%, d = 0.38, small, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that SSGs training at the end of the RIF negatively impacted psychometric parameters of male and female basketball players. It can be concluded that there are sex-mediated effects of training during RIF in basketball players, and this should be considered by researchers and practitioners when programing training during RIF.
BACKGROUND: We assessed the effects of gender, in association with a four-week small-sided games (SSGs) training program, during Ramadan intermitting fasting (RIF) on changes in psychometric and physiological markers in professional male and female basketball players. METHODS: Twenty-four professional basketball players from the first Tunisian (Tunisia) division participated in this study. The players were dichotomized by sex (males [GM = 12]; females [GF = 12]). Both groups completed a 4 weeks SSGs training program with 3 sessions per week. Psychometric (e.g., quality of sleep, fatigue, stress, and delayed onset of muscle soreness [DOMS]) and physiological parameters (e.g., heart rate frequency, blood lactate) were measured during the first week (baseline) and at the end of RIF (post-test). RESULTS: Post hoc tests showed a significant increase in stress levels in both groups (GM [- 81.11%; p < 0.001, d = 0.33, small]; GF [- 36,53%; p = 0.001, d = 0.25, small]). Concerning physiological parameters, ANCOVA revealed significantly lower heart rates in favor of GM at post-test (1.70%, d = 0.38, small, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that SSGs training at the end of the RIF negatively impacted psychometric parameters of male and female basketball players. It can be concluded that there are sex-mediated effects of training during RIF in basketball players, and this should be considered by researchers and practitioners when programing training during RIF.
Entities:
Keywords:
Fatigue; Performance; Recovery; Stress levels; Team sports
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