Giana Izzo1, Valentina Toto2, Chiara Doneda3, Cecilia Parazzini3, Mariano Lanna4, Gaetano Bulfamante2, Andrea Righini3. 1. Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital V. Buzzi , Via Castelvetro, 32 20154, Milan, Italy. giana.izzo@asst-fbf-sacco.it. 2. Department of Health Sciences, Pathology Division, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. 3. Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital V. Buzzi , Via Castelvetro, 32 20154, Milan, Italy. 4. Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Children's Hospital V. Buzzi - ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Milan, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To describe the correlation between fetal imaging (in vivo and ex vivo) and neuropathology in two fetuses at early gestational age (GA) with isolated thick corpus callosum (CC), a rare finding whose pathological significance and neuropathology data are scarce. METHODS: Two fetuses at 21-week GA underwent fetal MRI (fMRI) for suspected callosal anomalies at ultrasound (US). After fMRI results, termination of pregnancy (TOP) was carried out and post-mortem MRI (pmMRI) was performed. Neuropathology correlation consisted in macro and microscopic evaluation with sections prepared for hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS: Fetal imaging confirmed in both cases the presence of a shorter and thicker CC with respect to the reference standard at the same GA, without a clear distinction between its different parts. Moreover, on pmMRI, an abnormal slightly T2-weighted hyperintense layer along the superior and inferior surface of CC was noted in both cases. At histopathology, these findings corresponded to an increased amount of white matter tracts but also to an abnormal representation of embryological structures that contribute to CC development, naming induseum griseum (IG) and the glioepithelial layer (GL) of the "callosal sling." After reviewing the literature data, we confirmed the recent embryological theory regarding the CC development and provide new insights into the pathophysiology of the abnormal cases. CONCLUSIONS: An abnormally thick CC at the early fetal period could be associated to an abnormal representation of the midline glia structures, so to result in potential disturbance of the axon guidance mechanism of callosal formation and eventually in CC dysgenesis.
PURPOSE: To describe the correlation between fetal imaging (in vivo and ex vivo) and neuropathology in two fetuses at early gestational age (GA) with isolated thick corpus callosum (CC), a rare finding whose pathological significance and neuropathology data are scarce. METHODS: Two fetuses at 21-week GA underwent fetal MRI (fMRI) for suspected callosal anomalies at ultrasound (US). After fMRI results, termination of pregnancy (TOP) was carried out and post-mortem MRI (pmMRI) was performed. Neuropathology correlation consisted in macro and microscopic evaluation with sections prepared for hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry staining. RESULTS: Fetal imaging confirmed in both cases the presence of a shorter and thicker CC with respect to the reference standard at the same GA, without a clear distinction between its different parts. Moreover, on pmMRI, an abnormal slightly T2-weighted hyperintense layer along the superior and inferior surface of CC was noted in both cases. At histopathology, these findings corresponded to an increased amount of white matter tracts but also to an abnormal representation of embryological structures that contribute to CC development, naming induseum griseum (IG) and the glioepithelial layer (GL) of the "callosal sling." After reviewing the literature data, we confirmed the recent embryological theory regarding the CC development and provide new insights into the pathophysiology of the abnormal cases. CONCLUSIONS: An abnormally thick CC at the early fetal period could be associated to an abnormal representation of the midline glia structures, so to result in potential disturbance of the axon guidance mechanism of callosal formation and eventually in CC dysgenesis.
Authors: T Lerman-Sagie; L Ben-Sira; R Achiron; L Schreiber; G Hermann; D Lev; D Kidron; G Malinger Journal: Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Date: 2009-07 Impact factor: 7.299
Authors: Eileen Luders; Paul M Thompson; Katherine L Narr; Alen Zamanyan; Yi-Yu Chou; Boris Gutman; Ivo D Dinov; Arthur W Toga Journal: Neuroimage Date: 2010-10-13 Impact factor: 6.556