Itaru Kawashima1, Takashi Tsukahara2, Ryosuke Kawai2, Takafumi Mizuno3, Shinya Ishizuka3, Hideki Hiraiwa3, Shiro Imagama3. 1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan. itaru.kawashima@gmail.com. 2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Asahi University Hospital, 3-23 Hashimotocho, Gifu, Gifu, 500-8523, Japan. 3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Whether vitamin D supplementation has any effect on body fat percentage, especially among elite athletes, remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum vitamin D level in elite male collegiate athletes and to analyze its effect on body fat percentage. METHODS: We enrolled a total of 42 elite male collegiate athletes in this prospective cohort study. In March 2020, body composition monitoring and blood test were performed. All athletes were provided with vitamin D3 supplement tablets of 25 μg/day. The use of the supplement was dependent on athletes' preference. During the study period, their club activities were stopped for 2 months due to the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak. A second examination, similar to the first one, was performed after approximately 3 months. Supplement usage by each athlete was also confirmed. The participants were divided into a non-supplement group (without supplementation, n = 15) and a supplement group (with supplementation, n = 27). RESULTS: Regarding baseline data at initial examination, the non-supplement and supplement groups showed significant differences in the mean body fat percentage (9.0% and 12.1%, respectively; P = 0.03) and serum 25(OH)D level (22.7 and 18.5 ng/mL, respectively, P = 0.02). At the time of the second examination, there were no significant differences in the results of both the groups. In terms of mean change value from the first to the second examination, there were significant differences in body fat percentage (1.9 and 0.2%, respectively, P = 0.02) and serum 25(OH)D level (1.7 and 7.2 ng/mL, respectively, P < 0.001) between the two groups. A significant negative correlation was observed between the change ratio of body fat percentage and change value of serum 25(OH)D level (r = - 0.37, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D supplementation of 25 μg/day significantly increased the serum 25(OH)D level in elite male collegiate athletes. Vitamin D supplementation may play a role in maintaining athletes' body fat percentage under circumstances where sports activity has decreased.
BACKGROUND: Whether vitamin D supplementation has any effect on body fat percentage, especially among elite athletes, remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on serum vitamin D level in elite male collegiate athletes and to analyze its effect on body fat percentage. METHODS: We enrolled a total of 42 elite male collegiate athletes in this prospective cohort study. In March 2020, body composition monitoring and blood test were performed. All athletes were provided with vitamin D3 supplement tablets of 25 μg/day. The use of the supplement was dependent on athletes' preference. During the study period, their club activities were stopped for 2 months due to the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak. A second examination, similar to the first one, was performed after approximately 3 months. Supplement usage by each athlete was also confirmed. The participants were divided into a non-supplement group (without supplementation, n = 15) and a supplement group (with supplementation, n = 27). RESULTS: Regarding baseline data at initial examination, the non-supplement and supplement groups showed significant differences in the mean body fat percentage (9.0% and 12.1%, respectively; P = 0.03) and serum 25(OH)D level (22.7 and 18.5 ng/mL, respectively, P = 0.02). At the time of the second examination, there were no significant differences in the results of both the groups. In terms of mean change value from the first to the second examination, there were significant differences in body fat percentage (1.9 and 0.2%, respectively, P = 0.02) and serum 25(OH)D level (1.7 and 7.2 ng/mL, respectively, P < 0.001) between the two groups. A significant negative correlation was observed between the change ratio of body fat percentage and change value of serum 25(OH)D level (r = - 0.37, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS:Vitamin D supplementation of 25 μg/day significantly increased the serum 25(OH)D level in elite male collegiate athletes. Vitamin D supplementation may play a role in maintaining athletes' body fat percentage under circumstances where sports activity has decreased.
Entities:
Keywords:
Body composition; Body fat percentage; COVID-19; Male collegiate athletes; Supplementation; Vitamin D
Authors: Juha-Petri Ruohola; Ilkka Laaksi; Timo Ylikomi; Riina Haataja; Ville M Mattila; Timo Sahi; Pentti Tuohimaa; Harri Pihlajamäki Journal: J Bone Miner Res Date: 2006-09 Impact factor: 6.741
Authors: Kevin D Cashman; Kirsten G Dowling; Zuzana Škrabáková; Marcela Gonzalez-Gross; Jara Valtueña; Stefaan De Henauw; Luis Moreno; Camilla T Damsgaard; Kim F Michaelsen; Christian Mølgaard; Rolf Jorde; Guri Grimnes; George Moschonis; Christina Mavrogianni; Yannis Manios; Michael Thamm; Gert Bm Mensink; Martina Rabenberg; Markus A Busch; Lorna Cox; Sarah Meadows; Gail Goldberg; Ann Prentice; Jacqueline M Dekker; Giel Nijpels; Stefan Pilz; Karin M Swart; Natasja M van Schoor; Paul Lips; Gudny Eiriksdottir; Vilmundur Gudnason; Mary Frances Cotch; Seppo Koskinen; Christel Lamberg-Allardt; Ramon A Durazo-Arvizu; Christopher T Sempos; Mairead Kiely Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2016-02-10 Impact factor: 7.045