Prognostic value of microRNA-378 in esophageal cancer and its regulatory effect on tumor progression.

The incidence and mortality rates of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are high in China, which has increased the clinical and economic burden. The present study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA (miRNA/miR)-378 in ESCC. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed to detect miR-378 expression in ESCC tissues and cell lines. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, while Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the prognostic value of miR-378 in ESCC. miR-378 mimic and miR-378 inhibitor was transfected into ESCC cells to overexpress or knockdown miR-378 expression levels in ESCC cells. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was performed to assess the proliferative ability of ESCC cells, while the Transwell assay was conducted to assess the effect of miR-378 on the migratory and invasive abilities of ESCC cells. The results demonstrated that miR-378 displayed significantly lower expression both in ESCC cells and tissues by comparison with those in normal cells and adjacent tissues. In addition, patients with low miR-378 expression had a worse prognosis and a shorter overall survival time than those with high miR-378 expression. Furthermore, low miR-378 expression promoted ESCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that miR-378 may act as a tumor suppressor in the occurrence and development of ESCC.