Neda SoleimanvandiAzar1, Seyed Fahim Irandoost2, Sina Ahmadi3, Tareq Xosravi4, Hadi Ranjbar5, Morteza Mansourian6, Javad Yoosefi Lebni7. 1. Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. Department of Public Health, School of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. 3. Department of Social Welfare Management, Social Welfare Management Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 4. Islamic Azad University Sanandaj Branch, Sanandaj, Iran. 5. Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. 6. Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 7. Health Promotion Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. j.yousefi28@yahoo.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although the workers in many occupations are at the greatest risk of catching and spreading COVID-19 due to assembling and contacting people, the owners of these occupations do not follow COVID-19 health instructions. The purpose of this study is to explain the reasons for not maintaining health guidelines to prevent COVID-19 in high-risk jobs in Iran. METHODS: The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach among people with high-risk jobs in Tehran during March and April of 2020. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 31 people with high-risk occupations selected by purposeful sampling and snowballing. The data were analyzed using the conventional qualitative content analysis method and MAXQDA-18 software. Guba and Lincoln's criteria were also used to evaluate the quality of the research results. RESULTS: 4 main categories and 13 sub-categories were obtained, including individual factors (personality traits, lack of self-efficacy, little knowledge of the disease and how to observe health norms related to it, misconceptions about health), structural factors (difficulty of access to health supplies, lack of supportive environment, weak laws and supervision, the poor performance of officials and national media), economic factors (economic costs of living, lack of government economic support), Socio-cultural factors (learning, cultural beliefs, social customs, and rituals). CONCLUSION: COVID-19 prevention requires intervention at different levels. At the individual level: increasing people's awareness and understanding about how to prevent COVID-19 and strengthening self-efficacy in observing health norms, at the social level: highlighting positive patterns of observing health issues and training people about the consequences of social interactions during the outbreak of the virus, and at the macro level: strengthening regulatory rules and increasing people's access to hygienic products and support for the vulnerable must be taken into account.
BACKGROUND: Although the workers in many occupations are at the greatest risk of catching and spreading COVID-19 due to assembling and contacting people, the owners of these occupations do not follow COVID-19 health instructions. The purpose of this study is to explain the reasons for not maintaining health guidelines to prevent COVID-19 in high-risk jobs in Iran. METHODS: The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach among people with high-risk jobs in Tehran during March and April of 2020. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 31 people with high-risk occupations selected by purposeful sampling and snowballing. The data were analyzed using the conventional qualitative content analysis method and MAXQDA-18 software. Guba and Lincoln's criteria were also used to evaluate the quality of the research results. RESULTS: 4 main categories and 13 sub-categories were obtained, including individual factors (personality traits, lack of self-efficacy, little knowledge of the disease and how to observe health norms related to it, misconceptions about health), structural factors (difficulty of access to health supplies, lack of supportive environment, weak laws and supervision, the poor performance of officials and national media), economic factors (economic costs of living, lack of government economic support), Socio-cultural factors (learning, cultural beliefs, social customs, and rituals). CONCLUSION:COVID-19 prevention requires intervention at different levels. At the individual level: increasing people's awareness and understanding about how to prevent COVID-19 and strengthening self-efficacy in observing health norms, at the social level: highlighting positive patterns of observing health issues and training people about the consequences of social interactions during the outbreak of the virus, and at the macro level: strengthening regulatory rules and increasing people's access to hygienic products and support for the vulnerable must be taken into account.
Entities:
Keywords:
COVID-19; Coronavirus; High-risk jobs; Iran; Prevention; Qualitative study
Authors: Melanie S Askari; Emily Treleaven; Dirgha Ghimire; William Axinn; Sabrina Hermosilla Journal: Trop Med Int Health Date: 2021-12-27 Impact factor: 2.622
Authors: Zahra Jorjoran Shushtari; Yahya Salimi; Sina Ahmadi; Nader Rajabi-Gilan; Marzieh Shirazikhah; Akbar Biglarian; Ali Almasi; Mohammad Ali Mohammadi Gharehghani Journal: Osong Public Health Res Perspect Date: 2021-12-21
Authors: Millawage Supun Dilara Wijesinghe; Vinya S Ariyaratne; Balangoda Muhamdiramlage Indika Gunawardana; R M Nayani Umesha Rajapaksha; W M Prasad Chathuranga Weerasinghe; Praveen Gomez; Sahani Chandraratna; Thirupathy Suveendran; R P Palitha Karunapema Journal: J Relig Health Date: 2021-11-23