Luciana Princisval1, Fernanda Rebelo2, Brent L Williams3, Anna Carolina Coimbra1, Louise Crovesy1, Ana Lorena Ferreira1, Gilberto Kac1. 1. Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil. 2. Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, National Institute of Women, Children and Adolescents Health Fernandes Figueira, Clinical Research Unit, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. 3. Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, Center for Infection and Immunity, New York, NY, USA.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Cesarean section (CS), breastfeeding, and geographic location can influence the infant microbiota. OBJECTIVE: In this systematic review, evidence of the association between mode of delivery and infant gut microbiota up to 6 months of age was evaluated, as was the role of breastfeeding in this association, according to PRISMA guidelines. DATA SOURCE: The Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Medical Database, and Open Grey databases were searched. DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 31 observational studies with ≥2 infant stool collections up to the sixth month of age and a comparison of gut microbiota between CS and vaginal delivery (VD) were included. DATA ANALYSIS: Infants born by CS had a lower abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides spp. at almost all points up to age 6 months. Populations of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium catenulatum, and Escherichia coli were reduced in infants delivered by CS. Infants born by CS and exclusively breastfed had greater similarity with the microbiota of infants born by VD. CONCLUSIONS: Species of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides are potentially reduced in infants born by CS. Geographic location influenced bacterial colonization. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration no. 42017071285.
CONTEXT: Cesarean section (CS), breastfeeding, and geographic location can influence the infant microbiota. OBJECTIVE: In this systematic review, evidence of the association between mode of delivery and infant gut microbiota up to 6 months of age was evaluated, as was the role of breastfeeding in this association, according to PRISMA guidelines. DATA SOURCE: The Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Medical Database, and Open Grey databases were searched. DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 31 observational studies with ≥2 infant stool collections up to the sixth month of age and a comparison of gut microbiota between CS and vaginal delivery (VD) were included. DATA ANALYSIS: Infants born by CS had a lower abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides spp. at almost all points up to age 6 months. Populations of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium catenulatum, and Escherichia coli were reduced in infants delivered by CS. Infants born by CS and exclusively breastfed had greater similarity with the microbiota of infants born by VD. CONCLUSIONS: Species of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides are potentially reduced in infants born by CS. Geographic location influenced bacterial colonization. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration no. 42017071285.
Authors: Maximilian J Bailey; Elizabeth A Holzhausen; Zachariah E M Morgan; Noopur Naik; Justin P Shaffer; Donghai Liang; Howard H Chang; Jeremy Sarnat; Shan Sun; Paige K Berger; Kelsey A Schmidt; Frederick Lurmann; Michael I Goran; Tanya L Alderete Journal: Gut Microbes Date: 2022 Jan-Dec