Eugene Merzon1,2, Margaret D Weiss3, Samuele Cortese4,5,6,7,8, Ann Rotem9, Tzipporah Schneider10, Stephanie G Craig11, Shlomo Vinker1,2, Avivit Golan Cohen1,2, Ilan Green1,2, Shai Ashkenazi12, Abraham Weizman2,9, Iris Manor2,9. 1. Leumit HMO, Tel-Aviv, Israel. 2. Tel Aviv University, Israel. 3. Cambridge Health Alliance, MA, USA. 4. Center for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. 5. Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. 6. Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK. 7. Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York City, New York, USA. 8. Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. 9. ADHD Unit, Geha Mental Health Center, Petah Tikva, Israel. 10. Clalit Health Services, Bnei Brak, Israel. 11. York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 12. Ariel University, Israel.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Patients with ADHD are at increased risk of acquiring COVID-19. The present study assessed the possibility that ADHD also increases the risk of severe COVID-19 infection. METHOD: We assessed 1,870 COVID-19 positive patients, aged 5 to 60 years, registered in the database of Leumit Health Services (LHS, Israel), February to -June 2020, of whom 231 with ADHD. Logistic regression analysis models evaluated the association between ADHD and the dependent variables of being symptomatic/referral to hospitalization, controlling for demographic and medical variables. RESULTS: Age, male sex, and BMI were confirmed to be significant risk factors for increased COVID-19 severity. ADHD was found to be associated with increased severity of COVID-19 symptoms (OR = 1.81, 95% CI [1.29, 2.52], p < .05) and referral to hospitalization (OR =1.93, 95% CI [1.06, 3.51], p = .03). CONCLUSION: ADHD is associated with poorer outcomes in COVID-19 infection.
OBJECTIVE: Patients with ADHD are at increased risk of acquiring COVID-19. The present study assessed the possibility that ADHD also increases the risk of severe COVID-19 infection. METHOD: We assessed 1,870 COVID-19 positive patients, aged 5 to 60 years, registered in the database of Leumit Health Services (LHS, Israel), February to -June 2020, of whom 231 with ADHD. Logistic regression analysis models evaluated the association between ADHD and the dependent variables of being symptomatic/referral to hospitalization, controlling for demographic and medical variables. RESULTS: Age, male sex, and BMI were confirmed to be significant risk factors for increased COVID-19 severity. ADHD was found to be associated with increased severity of COVID-19 symptoms (OR = 1.81, 95% CI [1.29, 2.52], p < .05) and referral to hospitalization (OR =1.93, 95% CI [1.06, 3.51], p = .03). CONCLUSION: ADHD is associated with poorer outcomes in COVID-19 infection.
Entities:
Keywords:
ADHD; COVID-19; referral to hospitalization; symptom severity
Authors: Jane A Sedgwick-Müller; Ulrich Müller-Sedgwick; Marios Adamou; Marco Catani; Rebecca Champ; Gísli Gudjónsson; Dietmar Hank; Mark Pitts; Susan Young; Philip Asherson Journal: BMC Psychiatry Date: 2022-04-22 Impact factor: 4.144