| Literature DB >> 33795904 |
Carlos A Ordoñez1,2,3, Michael W Parra4, Mauricio Millán3,5, Yaset Caicedo6, Natalia Padilla6, Mónica Guzmán-Rodríguez7, Fernando Miñan-Arana8,9, Alberto García1,2,10, Adolfo González-Hadad2,10,11, Luis Fernando Pino2,10, Fernando Rodríguez-Holguin1,3, José Julián Serna1,2,3,10, Alexander Salcedo1,2,3,10, Ricardo Ferrada2,11, Rao Ivatury12.
Abstract
Pancreatic trauma is a rare but potentially lethal injury because often it is associated with other abdominal organ or vascular injuries. Usually, it has a late clinical presentation which in turn complicates the management and overall prognosis. Due to the overall low prevalence of pancreatic injuries, there has been a significant lack of consensus among trauma surgeons worldwide on how to appropriately and efficiently diagnose and manage them. The accurate diagnosis of these injuries is difficult due to its anatomical location and the fact that signs of pancreatic damage are usually of delayed presentation. The current surgical trend has been moving towards organ preservation in order to avoid complications secondary to exocrine and endocrine function loss and/or potential implicit post-operative complications including leaks and fistulas. The aim of this paper is to propose a management algorithm of patients with pancreatic injuries via an expert consensus. Most pancreatic injuries can be managed with a combination of hemostatic maneuvers, pancreatic packing, parenchymal wound suturing and closed surgical drainage. Distal pancreatectomies with the inevitable loss of significant amounts of healthy pancreatic tissue must be avoided. General principles of damage control surgery must be applied when necessary followed by definitive surgical management when and only when appropriate physiological stabilization has been achieved. It is our experience that viable un-injured pancreatic tissue should be left alone when possible in all types of pancreatic injuries accompanied by adequate closed surgical drainage with the aim of preserving primary organ function and decreasing short and long term morbidity.Entities:
Keywords: Pancreatic damage control; drainage; suture
Year: 2020 PMID: 33795904 PMCID: PMC7968433 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v51i4.4361
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Colomb Med (Cali) ISSN: 0120-8322
The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) classification of pancreatic injury .
| Grade | Description |
|---|---|
| I | Minor contusion without duct injury or superficial laceration without duct injury |
| II | Major contusion or laceration without duct injury or tissue lost |
| III | Distal transaction or parenchymal injury with duct injury |
| IV | Proximal (to right of the superior mesenteric vein) transaction or parenchymal injury with duct injury |
| V | Massive disruption of pancreatic head |
Figure 1Surgical Management of Pancreatic Injuries
Figure 2Technique of continuous locking suture
Figure 3Surgical Management of Pancreatic Injury AAST-III to the Left of the Superior Mesenteric Vessels (Distal)
Figure 4Surgical Management of Pancreatic Injury AAST-III to the Left of the Superior Mesenteric Vessels (Proximal)
Figure 5Surgical Management of Pancreatic Injury AAST-IV to the Right of the Superior Mesenteric Vessels (Proximal)
Figure 6Surgical Management of Pancreatic Injury AAST-V
Clasificación de la AAST del trauma pancreático .
| Grado | Descripción |
|---|---|
| I | Contusión menor sin lesión del conducto o laceración superficial sin lesión del conducto pancreático |
| II | Contusión mayor o laceración sin lesión del conducto o pérdida del tejido |
| III | Transección distal o lesión del parénquima con lesión del conducto |
| IV | Transección proximal o lesión que compromete la ampolla y/o el conducto |
| V | Disrupción masiva de la cabeza del páncreas y lesión del duodeno |
Figura 1Algoritmo de manejo del trauma pancreático mediante cirugía de control de daños
Figura 2Técnica de sutura continúa cruzada
Figura 3Reparación quirúrgica de lesiones pancreáticas AAST grado III a la izquierda y distales a los vasos mesentéricos superiores.
Figura 4Reparación quirúrgica de lesiones pancreáticas AAST grado III a la izquierda y proximales a los vasos mesentéricos superiores
Figura 5Reparación quirúrgica de lesiones pancreáticas AAST grado IV a la derecha de los vasos mesentéricos superiores
Figura 6Reparación quirúrgica de lesiones pancreáticas AAST grado V
| 1) ¿Why was this study conducted? |
| It is the initiative from Trauma and Emergency Surgery Group to consolidate the novel proposal regarding the pancreatic trauma management. |
| 2) ¿ What were the most relevant results of the study? |
| Most pancreatic injuries can be managed with a combination of hemostatic maneuvers, pancreatic packing, parenchymal wound suturing, and closed surgical drainage. |
| 3¿ What do these results contribute? |
| Pancreatic trauma treated by parenchymal wound suturing is the main strategy to preserve the primary organ function and decreasing short- and long-term morbidity. |
| 1) ¿Por qué se realizó este estudio? |
| Es la iniciativa para consolidar la experiencia del grupo de cirugía de Trauma y Emergencias, respecto al manejo innovador del trauma pancreático. |
| 2) ¿Cuáles fueron los resultados más relevantes del estudio? |
| La mayoría de lesiones pancreáticas pueden ser manejadas con una combinación de maniobras hemostáticas, empaquetamiento pancreático, sutura de la herida y drenaje quirúrgico cerrado. |
| 3¿Qué aportan estos resultados? |
| El manejo del trauma pancreático con el uso de sutura preserva el tejido de páncreas, evitando el riesgo de complicaciones endocrinas y/o exocrinas asociadas a corto y largo plazo. |