| Literature DB >> 33772244 |
Delphine Planas1,2,3, Timothée Bruel1,2,3, Ludivine Grzelak1,2,3,4, Florence Guivel-Benhassine1,2,3, Isabelle Staropoli1,2,3, Françoise Porrot1,2,3, Cyril Planchais5, Julian Buchrieser1,2,3, Maaran Michael Rajah1,2,3,4, Elodie Bishop1,2,3,4, Mélanie Albert6,7, Flora Donati6,7, Matthieu Prot8, Sylvie Behillil6,7, Vincent Enouf6,7, Marianne Maquart9, Mounira Smati-Lafarge10, Emmanuelle Varon10, Frédérique Schortgen11, Layla Yahyaoui12, Maria Gonzalez13, Jérôme De Sèze14,15, Hélène Péré16, David Veyer16,17, Aymeric Sève18, Etienne Simon-Lorière8, Samira Fafi-Kremer19,20, Karl Stefic9,21, Hugo Mouquet5, Laurent Hocqueloux18, Sylvie van der Werf6,7, Thierry Prazuck18, Olivier Schwartz22,23,24.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants were first identified in the United Kingdom and South Africa, respectively, and have since spread to many countries. These variants harboring diverse mutations in the gene encoding the spike protein raise important concerns about their immune evasion potential. Here, we isolated infectious B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 strains from acutely infected individuals. We examined sensitivity of the two variants to SARS-CoV-2 antibodies present in sera and nasal swabs from individuals infected with previously circulating strains or who were recently vaccinated, in comparison with a D614G reference virus. We utilized a new rapid neutralization assay, based on reporter cells that become positive for GFP after overnight infection. Sera from 58 convalescent individuals collected up to 9 months after symptoms, similarly neutralized B.1.1.7 and D614G. In contrast, after 9 months, convalescent sera had a mean sixfold reduction in neutralizing titers, and 40% of the samples lacked any activity against B.1.351. Sera from 19 individuals vaccinated twice with Pfizer Cominarty, longitudinally tested up to 6 weeks after vaccination, were similarly potent against B.1.1.7 but less efficacious against B.1.351, when compared to D614G. Neutralizing titers increased after the second vaccine dose, but remained 14-fold lower against B.1.351. In contrast, sera from convalescent or vaccinated individuals similarly bound the three spike proteins in a flow cytometry-based serological assay. Neutralizing antibodies were rarely detected in nasal swabs from vaccinees. Thus, faster-spreading SARS-CoV-2 variants acquired a partial resistance to neutralizing antibodies generated by natural infection or vaccination, which was most frequently detected in individuals with low antibody levels. Our results indicate that B1.351, but not B.1.1.7, may increase the risk of infection in immunized individuals.Entities:
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Year: 2021 PMID： 33772244 DOI： 10.1038/s41591-021-01318-5
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Nat Med ISSN： 1078-8956 Impact factor: 53.440