| Literature DB >> 33761185 |
María José Úsuga1, Gloria Alejandra Jaramillo2, Valentina Palacio1, Sergio Andrés Correa1, Juan Camilo Suárez-Escudero1.
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a frequent and important cause of neurological problems in term and preterm newborns. A sentinel event of this entity is the vasa previa, specifically when there is an abnormality of the placenta such as a velamentous cord insertion. Some reports have shown the association between these two entities, but those regarding the recovery process and the neurological prognosis of children with both conditions are scarce. We present the case of a patient with a history of velamentous cord insertion and hypoxicischemic encephalopathy who received therapeutic hypothermia (cool cap). We describe his neurological rehabilitation process and we calculated the percentage of probability of presenting this condition compared to the population without these factors. The patient was a five-year-old boy with an Apgar index at birth equal to zero at one minute and equal to two at fifteen minutes who developed severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy secondary to a velamentous cord insertion without prenatal diagnosis and a marked initial neurological and multisystemic compromise. The recovery process included early multidisciplinary management in the neonatal intensive care unit and a focus on early neurological habilitation. The patient is currently in school and he undergoes comprehensive therapies; on physical examination, he presents no motor or sensory deficiencies. His neuropsychological test suggests the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Children with severe hypoxicischemic encephalopathy usually have disabilities due to motor, cognitive, and/or behavioral deficiencies.Entities:
Keywords: Umbilical cord; hypoxia-ischemia; brain; hypothermia; induced; neurological rehabilitation
Year: 2021 PMID: 33761185 PMCID: PMC8055582 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.5436
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Biomedica ISSN: 0120-4157 Impact factor: 0.935
Figura 1En la secuencia potenciada en T2 (primeras dos imágenes), se sugiere la presencia de secuelas por encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica en los núcleos lenticulares (flechas). En la secuencia T1 (tercera imagen), se evidencian señales puntiformes hiperintensas subcorticales en los lóbulos parietal y frontal derechos (asterisco).
Factores de riesgo y de protección considerados en este caso
| Sangrado vaginal | 1,98 (1,84-2,23) | 66,4 (64,7-69) |
| Asma materno | 1,23 (1,12,1,34) | 55,1 (52, |
| Edad igual o mayor de 34 años | 1,22 (1,06-1,4) | 54,9 (51, |
| Partos multiples | 0,78 (0,66-0,92) | 18 ( |
Factores de riesgo
* aumenta x veces la posibilidad de presentar una inserción velamentosa (sic.) del cordón umbilical; ** aumenta en x% la probabilidad de presentar inserción velamentosa (sic.) del cordón umbilical frente a las mujeres que no la presentan.
Factores de protección
* disminuye la posibilidad de presentar inserción velamentosa del cordón umbilical en x veces
** disminuye x% la probabilidad de presentar inserción velamentosa del cordón umbilical frente a quienes no la presenten