Hiwa Mohammadi1,2,3, Ardalan Aarabi4,5, Mohammad Rezaei1,6, Habibolah Khazaie1, Serge Brand1,7,8,9,10. 1. Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 2. Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 3. Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 4. Laboratory of Functional Neuroscience and Pathologies (LNFP, EA4559), University Research Center (CURS), University Hospital of Amiens, Amiens, France. 5. Faculty of Medicine, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France. 6. Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 7. University of Basel, Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Basel, Switzerland. 8. Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Sport Science and Psychosocial Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. 9. Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 10. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
Background: We compared the density and duration of sleep spindles topographically in stage 2 and 3 of non-rapid eye movement sleep (N2 and N3) among adults diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one individuals with OSAS (mean age: 48.50 years) and 23 healthy controls took part in the study. All participants underwent a whole night polysomnography. Additionally, those with OSAS were divided into mild, moderate and severe cases of OSAS. Results: For N2, sleep spindle density did not significantly differ between participants with and without OSAS, or among those with mild, moderate and severe OSAS. For N3, post-hoc analyses revealed significantly higher spindle densities in healthy controls and individuals with mild OSAS than in those with moderate or severe OSAS. Last, in N2 a higher AHI was associated with a shorter sleep spindle duration. Conclusion: OSAS is associated with a significantly lower spindle density in N3 and a shorter spindle duration in N2. Our results also revealed that, in contrast to moderate and severe OSAS, the sleep spindle characteristics of individuals with mild OSAS were very similar to those of healthy controls.
Background: We compared the density and duration of sleep spindles topographically in stage 2 and 3 of non-rapid eye movement sleep (N2 and N3) among adults diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one individuals with OSAS (mean age: 48.50 years) and 23 healthy controls took part in the study. All participants underwent a whole night polysomnography. Additionally, those with OSAS were divided into mild, moderate and severe cases of OSAS. Results: For N2, sleep spindle density did not significantly differ between participants with and without OSAS, or among those with mild, moderate and severe OSAS. For N3, post-hoc analyses revealed significantly higher spindle densities in healthy controls and individuals with mild OSAS than in those with moderate or severe OSAS. Last, in N2 a higher AHI was associated with a shorter sleep spindle duration. Conclusion: OSAS is associated with a significantly lower spindle density in N3 and a shorter spindle duration in N2. Our results also revealed that, in contrast to moderate and severe OSAS, the sleep spindle characteristics of individuals with mild OSAS were very similar to those of healthy controls.
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