Julia Rey1, Mónica Pérez-Ríos2, María Isolina Santiago-Pérez3, Iñaki Galán4, Anna Schiaffino5, Leonor Varela-Lema6, Gael Naveira3, Agustín Montes1, María Esther López-Vizcaíno7, Alexandra Giraldo-Osorio8, Nerea Mourino1, Anna Mompart9, Alberto Ruano-Ravina10. 1. Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain. 2. Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain; Servicio de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Grupo de Epidemiología, Salud Pública y Evaluación de Servicios de Salud del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain. Electronic address: monica.perez.rios@usc.es. 3. Servicio de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salud Pública, Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain. 4. Servicio de Enfermedades Crónicas, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. 5. Direcció General de Planificació en Salut, Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Dirección General para la Gestión del Conocimiento, Medicamento, Innovación e Investigación, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain. 6. Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain; Agencia de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias, Agencia Gallega de Conocimiento, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain. 7. Servicio de Difusión, Instituto Galego de Estatística, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain. 8. Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain; Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia; Departamento de becas de doctorado, Fundación Carolina Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia. 9. Direcció General de Planificació en Salut, Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain. 10. Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Grupo de Epidemiología, Salud Pública y Evaluación de Servicios de Salud del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To estimate smoking-attributable mortality (SAM) in the regions of Spain among people aged ≥ 35 years in 2017. METHODS: SAM was estimated using a prevalence dependent method based calculating the population attributable fraction. Observed mortality was derived from the National Statistics Institute. The prevalence of smoking by age and sex was based on the Spanish National Health Survey for 2011 and 2017 and the European Survey for 2014. Relative risks were reported from the follow-up of 5 North American cohorts. SAM and population attributable fraction were estimated for each region by age group, sex, and causes of death. Cause-specific and adjusted SAM rates were estimated. RESULTS: Smoking caused 53 825 deaths in the population aged ≥ 35 years (12.9% of all-cause mortality). SAM ranged from 10.8% of observed mortality in La Rioja to 15.3% in the Canary Islands. The differences remained after rates were adjusted by age. The highest adjusted SAM rates were observed in Extremadura in men and in the Canary Islands in women. Adjusted SAM rates in men were inversely correlated with those in women. The percentage of total SAM represented by cardiovascular diseases in each region ranged from 21.8% in Castile-La Mancha to 30.3% in Andalusia. CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of SAM differed among regions. Conducting a detailed region-by-region analysis provides relevant information for health policies aiming to curb the impact of smoking.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To estimate smoking-attributable mortality (SAM) in the regions of Spain among people aged ≥ 35 years in 2017. METHODS: SAM was estimated using a prevalence dependent method based calculating the population attributable fraction. Observed mortality was derived from the National Statistics Institute. The prevalence of smoking by age and sex was based on the Spanish National Health Survey for 2011 and 2017 and the European Survey for 2014. Relative risks were reported from the follow-up of 5 North American cohorts. SAM and population attributable fraction were estimated for each region by age group, sex, and causes of death. Cause-specific and adjusted SAM rates were estimated. RESULTS: Smoking caused 53 825 deaths in the population aged ≥ 35 years (12.9% of all-cause mortality). SAM ranged from 10.8% of observed mortality in La Rioja to 15.3% in the Canary Islands. The differences remained after rates were adjusted by age. The highest adjusted SAM rates were observed in Extremadura in men and in the Canary Islands in women. Adjusted SAM rates in men were inversely correlated with those in women. The percentage of total SAM represented by cardiovascular diseases in each region ranged from 21.8% in Castile-La Mancha to 30.3% in Andalusia. CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of SAM differed among regions. Conducting a detailed region-by-region analysis provides relevant information for health policies aiming to curb the impact of smoking.
Authors: María Sierra Navas Alcántara; Lorena Montero Rivas; María Esther Guisado Espartero; Manuel Rubio-Rivas; Blanca Ayuso García; Francisco Moreno Martinez; Cristina Ausín García; María Luisa Taboada Martínez; Francisco Arnalich Fernández; Raúl Martínez Murgui; Sonia Molinos Castro; Maria Esther Ramos Muñoz; Mar Fernández-Garcés; Mari Cruz Carreño Hernandez; Gema María García García; Nuria Vázquez Piqueras; Jesica Abadía-Otero; Lourdes Lajara Villar; Cristina Salazar Monteiro; María de Los Reyes Pascual Pérez; Santiago Perez-Martin; Javier Collado-Aliaga; Juan-Miguel Antón-Santos; Carlos Lumbreras-Bermejo Journal: Med Clin (Barc) Date: 2021-11-15 Impact factor: 3.200
Authors: María Sierra Navas Alcántara; Lorena Montero Rivas; María Esther Guisado Espartero; Manuel Rubio-Rivas; Blanca Ayuso García; Francisco Moreno Martinez; Cristina Ausín García; María Luisa Taboada Martínez; Francisco Arnalich Fernández; Raúl Martínez Murgui; Sonia Molinos Castro; Maria Esther Ramos Muñoz; Mar Fernández-Garcés; Mari Cruz Carreño Hernandez; Gema María García García; Nuria Vázquez Piqueras; Jesica Abadía-Otero; Lourdes Lajara Villar; Cristina Salazar Monteiro; María de Los Reyes Pascual Pérez; Santiago Perez-Martin; Javier Collado-Aliaga; Juan-Miguel Antón-Santos; Carlos Lumbreras-Bermejo Journal: Med Clin (Engl Ed) Date: 2022-08-01