Jason J Wilson1,2,3, Ilona McMullan1,2, Nicole E Blackburn1, Natalie Klempel1,2, Anita Yakkundi4, Nicola C Armstrong5, Colette Brolly6, Laurie T Butler7, Yvonne Barnett8, Louis Jacob9,10, Ai Koyanagi10,11, Lee Smith12, Mark A Tully1,2. 1. Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies, Institute of Nursing and Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, UK. 2. Institute of Mental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, UK. 3. Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, School of Sport, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, UK. 4. Northern Ireland Public Health Research Network, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, BT37 0QB, UK. 5. Health and Social Care Research & Development Division, Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), Belfast, BT2 8BS, UK. 6. Health and Social Care Health Improvement Division, Public Health Agency (Northern Ireland), Belfast, BT2 8BS, UK. 7. School of Psychology and Sports Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK. 8. School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK. 9. Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux 78180, France. 10. Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, 42, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona 08830, Spain. 11. ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain. 12. The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Consumption of unhealthy foods may have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study explored how dietary fat intake was impacted in a sample of the UK public who were social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Data were collected from a UK COVID-19 online survey. Fat intake was measured using the Dietary Instrument for Nutrition Education questionnaire. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using Becks' Anxiety and Depression Inventories, while the short-form Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale assessed mental well-being. Differences between individuals who increased versus decreased fat intake were explored using chi-square or independent sample t-tests. Association between fat intake and mental health was explored using adjusted linear regression models. RESULTS: Eight hundred and eighty-seven adults were included. Approximately, 34% recorded medium-to-high levels of fat consumption during social distancing. Around 48% reported decreased fat intake during social distancing compared to usual levels, while 41.3% documented increased fat intake. Fat intake was not significantly associated (P > 0.05) with any measures of mental health. CONCLUSIONS: A higher proportion of a sample of UK adults social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic recorded decreased fat intake when compared to levels prior to social distancing. There appeared to be no associations between fat intake and mental health.
BACKGROUND: Consumption of unhealthy foods may have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study explored how dietary fat intake was impacted in a sample of the UK public who were social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Data were collected from a UK COVID-19 online survey. Fat intake was measured using the Dietary Instrument for Nutrition Education questionnaire. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using Becks' Anxiety and Depression Inventories, while the short-form Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale assessed mental well-being. Differences between individuals who increased versus decreased fat intake were explored using chi-square or independent sample t-tests. Association between fat intake and mental health was explored using adjusted linear regression models. RESULTS: Eight hundred and eighty-seven adults were included. Approximately, 34% recorded medium-to-high levels of fat consumption during social distancing. Around 48% reported decreased fat intake during social distancing compared to usual levels, while 41.3% documented increased fat intake. Fat intake was not significantly associated (P > 0.05) with any measures of mental health. CONCLUSIONS: A higher proportion of a sample of UK adults social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic recorded decreased fat intake when compared to levels prior to social distancing. There appeared to be no associations between fat intake and mental health.
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