Amir Vahedian-Azimi1, Sara Ashtari2, Gholamhosein Alishiri3, Alireza Shahriary3, Mohsen Saberi4, Farshid Rahimi-Bashar5, Yunes Panahi6, Hossein Samadinia7, Mojtaba Ferdosi8, Iman Jafari1, Ensieh Vahedi3, Ali Ghazvini3, Mohamad Nikpouraghdam9, Keivan Goharimoghadam10, Morteza Izadi11, Nematollah Jonaidi-Jafari11, Sajad Shojaee12, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei2, Mohamad Amin Pourhoseingholi13, Amirhossein Sahebkar14,15,16,17. 1. Trauma Research Center, Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2. Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3. Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. 4. Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center & Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 5. Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 6. Pharmacotherapy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 7. Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 8. Students' Research Committee, Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 9. Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran. 10. Internal Medicine, Shariati hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 11. Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 12. Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 13. Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, ShahidBeheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. aminphg@gmail.com. 14. Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. sahebkara@mums.ac.ir. 15. Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. sahebkara@mums.ac.ir. 16. Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran. sahebkara@mums.ac.ir. 17. Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland. sahebkara@mums.ac.ir.
Abstract
AIM: We aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Iranian patients with COVID-19. METHODS: In this single-center and retrospective study, patients with confirmed COVID-19 infections were enrolled. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods were used to explore the risk factors associated with outcomes. RESULTS: Of 179 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection, 12 remained hospitalized at the end of the study and 167 were included in the final analysis. Of these, 153 (91.6%) were discharged and 14 (8.38%) died in hospital. Approximately half (50.9%) of patients suffered from a comorbidity, with diabetes or coronary heart disease being the most common in 20 patients. The most common symptoms on admission were fever, dyspnea, and cough. The mean durations from first symptoms to hospital admission was 8.64 ± 4.14 days, whereas the mean hospitalization time to discharge or death was 5.19 ± 2.42 and 4.35 ± 2.70 days, respectively. There was a significantly higher age in non-survivor patients compared with survivor patients. Multivariate regression showed increasing odds ratio (OR) of in-hospital death associated with respiratory rates >20 breaths/min (OR: 5.14, 95% CI: 1.19-22.15, p = 0.028) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) >19 mg/dL (OR: 4.54, 95% CI: 1.30-15.85, p = 0.017) on admission. In addition, higher respiratory rate was associated with continuous fever (OR: 4.08, 95% CI: 1.18-14.08, p = 0.026) and other clinical symptoms (OR: 3.52, 95% CI: 1.05-11.87, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: The potential risk factors including high respiratory rate and BUN levels could help to identify COVID-19 patients with poor prognosis at an early stage in the Iranian population.
AIM: We aimed to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Iranian patients with COVID-19. METHODS: In this single-center and retrospective study, patients with confirmed COVID-19infections were enrolled. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods were used to explore the risk factors associated with outcomes. RESULTS: Of 179 patients with confirmed COVID-19infection, 12 remained hospitalized at the end of the study and 167 were included in the final analysis. Of these, 153 (91.6%) were discharged and 14 (8.38%) died in hospital. Approximately half (50.9%) of patients suffered from a comorbidity, with diabetes or coronary heart disease being the most common in 20 patients. The most common symptoms on admission were fever, dyspnea, and cough. The mean durations from first symptoms to hospital admission was 8.64 ± 4.14 days, whereas the mean hospitalization time to discharge or death was 5.19 ± 2.42 and 4.35 ± 2.70 days, respectively. There was a significantly higher age in non-survivor patients compared with survivor patients. Multivariate regression showed increasing odds ratio (OR) of in-hospital death associated with respiratory rates >20 breaths/min (OR: 5.14, 95% CI: 1.19-22.15, p = 0.028) and blood ureanitrogen (BUN) >19 mg/dL (OR: 4.54, 95% CI: 1.30-15.85, p = 0.017) on admission. In addition, higher respiratory rate was associated with continuous fever (OR: 4.08, 95% CI: 1.18-14.08, p = 0.026) and other clinical symptoms (OR: 3.52, 95% CI: 1.05-11.87, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: The potential risk factors including high respiratory rate and BUN levels could help to identify COVID-19patients with poor prognosis at an early stage in the Iranian population.
Authors: V Marco Ranieri; Gordon D Rubenfeld; B Taylor Thompson; Niall D Ferguson; Ellen Caldwell; Eddy Fan; Luigi Camporota; Arthur S Slutsky Journal: JAMA Date: 2012-06-20 Impact factor: 56.272