Zainab Bibi1, Anam Fatima2, Rehana Rani3, Ayesha Maqbool1, Samea Khan1, Shumaila Naz4, Shahid Waseem5,6. 1. Department of Molecular Biology, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan. 2. Department of Medicine, Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3. Department of Life Sciences, Abasyn University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 4. Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. naz.pmasaaur@gmail.com. 5. Alpha Genomics (Pvt) Ltd, Islamabad, Pakistan. swaseem92@yahoo.com. 6. ABO SCIENTIFIC, Dhamial Road, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. swaseem92@yahoo.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Plasmodium vivax contributes to over 70% malaria burden in Pakistan, but limited data exists on various aspects including genetic diversity of the parasite as compared to other parts of the world. Since the information about the genetic diversity of P. vivax assists to understand the population dynamics of the parasite, the current study was designed to understand population divergence of P. vivax in Pakistan using circumsporozoite protein (pvcsp) and merozoite surface protein-1 (pvmsp-1) genes as molecular markers. METHODS: The PCR for pvcsp and pvmsp-1 genes was carried out for 150 P. vivax isolates, followed by DNA sequencing of 35 and 30, respectively. Genetic diversity and polymorphism were analysed using ChromasPro, ClustalW, MEGA7, DnaSP v.5 and WebLogo programs. RESULTS: The PCR for pvcsp and pvmsp-1 genes was carried out for 150 P. vivax isolates and resulting the PCR products of 1100 bp for pvcsp and ~ 400 bp for pvmsp-1 genes, respectively. In the central-repeat region (CRR) of pvcsp gene, sequences comprised of four variable repeats of PRMs, out of which GDRADGQPA (PRM1), GDRAAGQPA (PRM2) were more extensively dispersed among the P. vivax isolates. Partial sequences (~ 400 bp) of block 2 of pvmsp-1 gene depicted high level of diversity. CONCLUSION: The results revealed the polymorphism and genetic diversity especially at the CRR of pvcsp and block 2 of pvmsp-1 genes, respectively. The base-line data presented here warrants future studies to investigate more into the genetic diversity of P. vivax with large sample size from across the country for better understanding of population dynamics of P. vivax that will help to control malaria at individual and community level.
BACKGROUND:Plasmodium vivax contributes to over 70% malaria burden in Pakistan, but limited data exists on various aspects including genetic diversity of the parasite as compared to other parts of the world. Since the information about the genetic diversity of P. vivax assists to understand the population dynamics of the parasite, the current study was designed to understand population divergence of P. vivax in Pakistan using circumsporozoite protein (pvcsp) and merozoite surface protein-1 (pvmsp-1) genes as molecular markers. METHODS: The PCR for pvcsp and pvmsp-1 genes was carried out for 150 P. vivax isolates, followed by DNA sequencing of 35 and 30, respectively. Genetic diversity and polymorphism were analysed using ChromasPro, ClustalW, MEGA7, DnaSP v.5 and WebLogo programs. RESULTS: The PCR for pvcsp and pvmsp-1 genes was carried out for 150 P. vivax isolates and resulting the PCR products of 1100 bp for pvcsp and ~ 400 bp for pvmsp-1 genes, respectively. In the central-repeat region (CRR) of pvcsp gene, sequences comprised of four variable repeats of PRMs, out of which GDRADGQPA (PRM1), GDRAAGQPA (PRM2) were more extensively dispersed among the P. vivax isolates. Partial sequences (~ 400 bp) of block 2 of pvmsp-1 gene depicted high level of diversity. CONCLUSION: The results revealed the polymorphism and genetic diversity especially at the CRR of pvcsp and block 2 of pvmsp-1 genes, respectively. The base-line data presented here warrants future studies to investigate more into the genetic diversity of P. vivax with large sample size from across the country for better understanding of population dynamics of P. vivax that will help to control malaria at individual and community level.
Authors: Hargobinder Kaur; Rakesh Sehgal; Kapil Goyal; Nikita Makkar; Richa Yadav; Praveen K Bharti; Neeru Singh; Nilanju P Sarmah; Pradyumna K Mohapatra; Jagadish Mahanta; Devendra Bansal; Ali A Sultan; Jagat R Kanwar Journal: Trop Med Int Health Date: 2017-11-09 Impact factor: 2.622
Authors: Bruno Simon; Fatimata Sow; Said K Al Mukhaini; Seif Al-Abri; Osama A M Ali; Guillaume Bonnot; Anne-Lise Bienvenu; Eskild Petersen; Stéphane Picot Journal: Parasite Date: 2017-07-11 Impact factor: 3.000
Authors: Najia K Ghanchi; Mohammad Hassaan Khan; Muhammad Abdullah Arain; Mustafa Bin Ali Zubairi; Ahmed Raheem; Muhammad A Khan; Mohammad A Beg Journal: Cureus Date: 2019-03-15