Haochen Wang1, Fengyao Liu1, Huan Ma2, Han Yin2, Ping Wang3, Bingqing Bai2, Lan Guo4, Qingshan Geng5. 1. School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China. 2. Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China. 3. Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China. 4. Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: guolan1993@126.com. 5. School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: gengqingshan@gdph.org.cn.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Depression and malnutrition are prevalent among people with coronary artery disease (CAD) and can affect their prognosis, but the relationship between depression and malnutrition and its co-effect on prognosis is not clear. We sought to explore that relationship and its effects. METHODS: In this study, the nutritional and emotional statuses of 547 people with CAD were assessed using the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The average follow-up period was 2.1 y, after which we explored the relationship between depression and nutrition and prognosis. RESULTS: A total of 41% of the participants were found to have mild malnutrition, 10% moderate to severe malnutrition, 26% had mild depression, and 11% had moderate to severe depression. A total of 20.6% of the participants were found to have comorbidities of depression and malnutrition; and both moderate to severe depression (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.674; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.098-2.551) and moderate to severe malnutrition (adjusted HR, 1.686; 95% CI, 1.073-2.648) were observed to be risk factors for the composite end point. Participants with comorbidities of depression and malnutrition were found to have increased risk of cardiovascular death (HR, 5.390; 95% CI, 1.483-19.589) and composite end point (adjusted HR, 1.791; 95% CI, 1.133-2.833) compared to those without both depression and malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS: Depression and malnutrition were found to be risk factors for adverse outcomes in people with CAD. People with CAD should pay attention to their emotional and nutritional statuses, and interventions must be timely and efficient.
OBJECTIVES:Depression and malnutrition are prevalent among people with coronary artery disease (CAD) and can affect their prognosis, but the relationship between depression and malnutrition and its co-effect on prognosis is not clear. We sought to explore that relationship and its effects. METHODS: In this study, the nutritional and emotional statuses of 547 people with CAD were assessed using the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. The average follow-up period was 2.1 y, after which we explored the relationship between depression and nutrition and prognosis. RESULTS: A total of 41% of the participants were found to have mild malnutrition, 10% moderate to severe malnutrition, 26% had mild depression, and 11% had moderate to severe depression. A total of 20.6% of the participants were found to have comorbidities of depression and malnutrition; and both moderate to severe depression (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.674; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.098-2.551) and moderate to severe malnutrition (adjusted HR, 1.686; 95% CI, 1.073-2.648) were observed to be risk factors for the composite end point. Participants with comorbidities of depression and malnutrition were found to have increased risk of cardiovascular death (HR, 5.390; 95% CI, 1.483-19.589) and composite end point (adjusted HR, 1.791; 95% CI, 1.133-2.833) compared to those without both depression and malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS:Depression and malnutrition were found to be risk factors for adverse outcomes in people with CAD. People with CAD should pay attention to their emotional and nutritional statuses, and interventions must be timely and efficient.
Authors: May Nasser Bin-Jumah; Muhammad Shahid Nadeem; Sadaf Jamal Gilani; Bismillah Mubeen; Inam Ullah; Sami I Alzarea; Mohammed M Ghoneim; Sultan Alshehri; Fahad A Al-Abbasi; Imran Kazmi Journal: Antioxidants (Basel) Date: 2022-01-26