Maha Ibrahim Metwally1, Nesma Adel Zeed1, Enas Mahmoud Hamed1, Al Shaimaa Fathi Elshetry1, Rabab Mahmoud Elfwakhry1, Ahmed M Alaa Eldin1, Ahmed Sakr2, Sameh Abdelaziz Aly3, Walid Mosallam4, Yara Mohammed Ahmad Ziada5, Rawda Balata6, Ola A Harb7, Mohammad Abd Alkhalik Basha8. 1. Department of Radio-diagnosis, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. 2. Department of Urology, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. 3. Department of Radio-diagnosis, Faculty of Human Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt. 4. Department of Radio-diagnosis, Faculty of Human Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. 5. Department of Radio-diagnosis, Al-Ahrar Teaching Hospital, Zagazig, Egypt. 6. Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. 7. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. 8. Department of Radio-diagnosis, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. Mohammad_basha76@yahoo.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess diagnostic validity and reliability of VI-RADS in predicting muscle invasion by bladder cancer (BCa) and evaluate reviewer acceptance of VI-RADS for clinical routine. METHODS: A prospective multicenter study enrolled 331 patients with suspected/untreated BCa who underwent preoperative multiparametric MRI examination (mp-MRI) of the urinary bladder. Four experienced radiologists independently evaluated all mp-MRI using VI-RADS. The diagnostic validity of VI-RADS for predicting muscle invasion by BCa was calculated using histopathology of the first transurethral resection bladder tumor (TURBT) and second TURBT as the reference standards. The kappa statistics (κ) were applied to assess the interreader agreement (IRA). Reviewer acceptance was evaluated with questionnaires. RESULTS: The risk of muscle invasion in VI-RADS 2, 3, 4, and 5 after the first and second TURBT was 21.8%, 45.8%, 69.6%, and 96.4% and 24.4%, 58.3%, 87%, and 99.2%, respectively. The overall diagnostic validity of VI-RADS was high. The optimal cut-off value for predicting muscle invasion after first TURBT was > VI-RADS 3 (sensitivity = 84.1% and specificity = 92.3%), and after second TURBT was > VI-RADS 2 (sensitivity = 89.9% and specificity = 90.1%). VI-RADS categorization showed a very good IRA (κ = 0.93). Reviewers fully agreed with the statement, "The application of structured reporting of bladder tumor should be encouraged" (score = 20). CONCLUSIONS: VI-RADS showed high diagnostic validity and reliability for predicting muscle invasion by BCa, especially VI-RADS 4 and 5. However, VI-RADS 2 and 3 require further modifications to enhance their diagnostic validity. VI-RADS is highly encouraged to be used in daily practice. KEY POINTS: • VI-RADS showed high diagnostic validity and reliability in predicting BCa muscle invasion, especially VI-RADS 4 and 5. • In VI-RADS 2 and 3, we observed a notable percentage of BCa with muscle invasion and this would require further modifications to enhance the diagnostic validity for these scores. • Overall VI-RADS is well-accepted by radiologists who recommend it for daily practice.
OBJECTIVE: To assess diagnostic validity and reliability of VI-RADS in predicting muscle invasion by bladder cancer (BCa) and evaluate reviewer acceptance of VI-RADS for clinical routine. METHODS: A prospective multicenter study enrolled 331 patients with suspected/untreated BCa who underwent preoperative multiparametric MRI examination (mp-MRI) of the urinary bladder. Four experienced radiologists independently evaluated all mp-MRI using VI-RADS. The diagnostic validity of VI-RADS for predicting muscle invasion by BCa was calculated using histopathology of the first transurethral resection bladder tumor (TURBT) and second TURBT as the reference standards. The kappa statistics (κ) were applied to assess the interreader agreement (IRA). Reviewer acceptance was evaluated with questionnaires. RESULTS: The risk of muscle invasion in VI-RADS 2, 3, 4, and 5 after the first and second TURBT was 21.8%, 45.8%, 69.6%, and 96.4% and 24.4%, 58.3%, 87%, and 99.2%, respectively. The overall diagnostic validity of VI-RADS was high. The optimal cut-off value for predicting muscle invasion after first TURBT was > VI-RADS 3 (sensitivity = 84.1% and specificity = 92.3%), and after second TURBT was > VI-RADS 2 (sensitivity = 89.9% and specificity = 90.1%). VI-RADS categorization showed a very good IRA (κ = 0.93). Reviewers fully agreed with the statement, "The application of structured reporting of bladder tumor should be encouraged" (score = 20). CONCLUSIONS: VI-RADS showed high diagnostic validity and reliability for predicting muscle invasion by BCa, especially VI-RADS 4 and 5. However, VI-RADS 2 and 3 require further modifications to enhance their diagnostic validity. VI-RADS is highly encouraged to be used in daily practice. KEY POINTS: • VI-RADS showed high diagnostic validity and reliability in predicting BCa muscle invasion, especially VI-RADS 4 and 5. • In VI-RADS 2 and 3, we observed a notable percentage of BCa with muscle invasion and this would require further modifications to enhance the diagnostic validity for these scores. • Overall VI-RADS is well-accepted by radiologists who recommend it for daily practice.
Entities:
Keywords:
Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging; Reproducibility of results; Urinary bladder neoplasms
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