Amina Gihbid1,2, Raja Benzeid3, Abdellah Faouzi4, Jalal Nourlil4, Nezha Tawfiq5, Nadia Benchakroun5, Amal Guensi6, Karima Bendahhou5, Abdellatif Benider5, Naima El Benna7, Imane Chaoui3, Rachida Cadi2, Mohammed El Mzibri3, Meriem Khyatti8. 1. Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco. 2. Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco. 3. Biology and Medical Research Unit, National Center of Energy, Sciences and Nuclear Techniques, Rabat, Morocco. 4. Laboratory of Medical Virology & BSL-3, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco. 5. Mohammed VI Center for Cancer Treatment, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Casablanca, Morocco. 6. Nuclear Medicine Department, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco. 7. Department of Radiology, Ibn Rochd University Hospital, Hopital 20 Août, Casablanca, Morocco. 8. Laboratory of Viral Oncology, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco. meriem.khyatti@pasteur.ma.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The identification of effective prognosis biomarkers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is crucial to improve treatment and patient outcomes. In the present study, we have attempted to evaluate the correlation between pre-treatment plasmatic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load and the conventional prognostic factors in Moroccan patients with NPC. METHODS: The present study was conducted on 121 histologically confirmed NPC patients, recruited from January 2017 to December 2018. Circulating levels of EBV DNA were measured before therapy initiation using real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: Overall, undifferentiated non-keratinizingcarcinoma type was the most common histological type (90.1 %), and 61.8 % of patients were diagnosed at an advanced disease stage (IV). Results of pre-treatment plasma EBV load showed that 90.9 % of patients had detectable EBV DNA, with a median plasmatic viral load of 7710 IU/ml. The correlation between pre-treatment EBV DNA load and the conventional prognostic factors showed a significant association with patients' age (p = 0.01), tumor classification (p = 0.01), lymph node status (p = 0.003), metastasis status (p = 0.00) and overall cancer stage (p = 0.01). Unexpectedly, a significant higher level of pre-treatment EBV DNA was also found in plasma of NPC patients with a family history of cancer (p = 0.04). The risk of NPC mortality in patients with high pretreatment EBVDNA levels was significantly higher than that of those with low pre-treatment plasma EBV-DNA levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, patients with high pre-treatment EBV-DNA levels (≥ 2000, ≥ 4000) had a significant low overall survival (OS) rates (p < 0.05). Interestingly, lymph node involvement, metastasis status and OS were found to be the most important factors influencing the EBV DNA load in NPC patients. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study clearly showed a high association between pre-treatment EBV DNA load, the crucial classical prognostic factors (T, N, M and disease stage) of NPC and OS, suggesting that pre-treatment EBV DNA can be a useful prognostic biomarker in clinical decision-making and improving NPC treatment in Morocco.
BACKGROUND: The identification of effective prognosis biomarkers for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is crucial to improve treatment and patient outcomes. In the present study, we have attempted to evaluate the correlation between pre-treatment plasmatic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load and the conventional prognostic factors in Moroccan patients with NPC. METHODS: The present study was conducted on 121 histologically confirmed NPCpatients, recruited from January 2017 to December 2018. Circulating levels of EBV DNA were measured before therapy initiation using real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: Overall, undifferentiated non-keratinizingcarcinoma type was the most common histological type (90.1 %), and 61.8 % of patients were diagnosed at an advanced disease stage (IV). Results of pre-treatment plasma EBV load showed that 90.9 % of patients had detectable EBV DNA, with a median plasmatic viral load of 7710 IU/ml. The correlation between pre-treatment EBV DNA load and the conventional prognostic factors showed a significant association with patients' age (p = 0.01), tumor classification (p = 0.01), lymph node status (p = 0.003), metastasis status (p = 0.00) and overall cancer stage (p = 0.01). Unexpectedly, a significant higher level of pre-treatment EBV DNA was also found in plasma of NPCpatients with a family history of cancer (p = 0.04). The risk of NPCmortality in patients with high pretreatment EBVDNA levels was significantly higher than that of those with low pre-treatment plasma EBV-DNA levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, patients with high pre-treatment EBV-DNA levels (≥ 2000, ≥ 4000) had a significant low overall survival (OS) rates (p < 0.05). Interestingly, lymph node involvement, metastasis status and OS were found to be the most important factors influencing the EBV DNA load in NPCpatients. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study clearly showed a high association between pre-treatment EBV DNA load, the crucial classical prognostic factors (T, N, M and disease stage) of NPC and OS, suggesting that pre-treatment EBV DNA can be a useful prognostic biomarker in clinical decision-making and improving NPC treatment in Morocco.
Entities:
Keywords:
Epstein‐barr virus; Nasopharyngeal carcinoma; Plasma DNA load; Prognostic
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