Michael Chiang1, Daniel Guth2, Anmol A Pardeshi1, Jasmeen Randhawa3, Alice Shen1, Meghan Shan1, Justin Dredge1, Annie Nguyen1, Kimberly Gokoffski1, Brandon J Wong1, Brian Song1, Shan Lin4, Rohit Varma5, Benjamin Y Xu6. 1. Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern, California. 2. Division of Humanities and Social Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA. 3. Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA. 4. Glaucoma Center of San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. 5. Southern California Eye Institute, CHA Hollywood Presbyterian Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA. 6. Roski Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern, California. Electronic address: benjamin.xu@med.usc.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To compare the performance of a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier and human graders in detecting angle closure in EyeCam (Clarity Medical Systems, Pleasanton, California, USA) goniophotographs. DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study. METHODS: Subjects from the Chinese American Eye Study underwent EyeCam goniophotography in 4 angle quadrants. A CNN classifier based on the ResNet-50 architecture was trained to detect angle closure, defined as inability to visualize the pigmented trabecular meshwork, using reference labels by a single experienced glaucoma specialist. The performance of the CNN classifier was assessed using an independent test dataset and reference labels by the single glaucoma specialist or a panel of 3 glaucoma specialists. This performance was compared to that of 9 human graders with a range of clinical experience. Outcome measures included area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) metrics and Cohen kappa coefficients in the binary classification of open or closed angle. RESULTS: The CNN classifier was developed using 29,706 open and 2,929 closed angle images. The independent test dataset was composed of 600 open and 400 closed angle images. The CNN classifier achieved excellent performance based on single-grader (AUC = 0.969) and consensus (AUC = 0.952) labels. The agreement between the CNN classifier and consensus labels (κ = 0.746) surpassed that of all non-reference human graders (κ = 0.578-0.702). Human grader agreement with consensus labels improved with clinical experience (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: A CNN classifier can effectively detect angle closure in goniophotographs with performance comparable to that of an experienced glaucoma specialist. This provides an automated method to support remote detection of patients at risk for primary angle closure glaucoma.
PURPOSE: To compare the performance of a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) classifier and human graders in detecting angle closure in EyeCam (Clarity Medical Systems, Pleasanton, California, USA) goniophotographs. DESIGN: Retrospective cross-sectional study. METHODS: Subjects from the Chinese American Eye Study underwent EyeCam goniophotography in 4 angle quadrants. A CNN classifier based on the ResNet-50 architecture was trained to detect angle closure, defined as inability to visualize the pigmented trabecular meshwork, using reference labels by a single experienced glaucoma specialist. The performance of the CNN classifier was assessed using an independent test dataset and reference labels by the single glaucoma specialist or a panel of 3 glaucoma specialists. This performance was compared to that of 9 human graders with a range of clinical experience. Outcome measures included area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) metrics and Cohen kappa coefficients in the binary classification of open or closed angle. RESULTS: The CNN classifier was developed using 29,706 open and 2,929 closed angle images. The independent test dataset was composed of 600 open and 400 closed angle images. The CNN classifier achieved excellent performance based on single-grader (AUC = 0.969) and consensus (AUC = 0.952) labels. The agreement between the CNN classifier and consensus labels (κ = 0.746) surpassed that of all non-reference human graders (κ = 0.578-0.702). Human grader agreement with consensus labels improved with clinical experience (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: A CNN classifier can effectively detect angle closure in goniophotographs with performance comparable to that of an experienced glaucoma specialist. This provides an automated method to support remote detection of patients at risk for primary angle closure glaucoma.
Authors: Mani Baskaran; Shamira A Perera; Monisha E Nongpiur; Tin A Tun; Judy Park; Rajesh S Kumar; David S Friedman; Tin Aung Journal: J Glaucoma Date: 2012-09 Impact factor: 2.503
Authors: Benjamin Y Xu; Michael Chiang; Shreyasi Chaudhary; Shraddha Kulkarni; Anmol A Pardeshi; Rohit Varma Journal: Am J Ophthalmol Date: 2019-08-22 Impact factor: 5.258
Authors: Benjamin Y Xu; Bruce Burkemper; Juan Pablo Lewinger; Xuejuan Jiang; Anmol A Pardeshi; Grace Richter; Mina Torres; Roberta McKean-Cowdin; Rohit Varma Journal: Ophthalmol Glaucoma Date: 2018-09-29
Authors: Mohammed Rigi; Nicholas P Bell; David A Lee; Laura A Baker; Alice Z Chuang; Donna Nguyen; Vandana R Minnal; Robert M Feldman; Lauren S Blieden Journal: J Ophthalmol Date: 2016-11-20 Impact factor: 1.909
Authors: Andrea Peroni; Anna Paviotti; Mauro Campigotto; Luis Abegão Pinto; Carlo Alberto Cutolo; Jacintha Gong; Sirjhun Patel; Caroline Cobb; Stewart Gillan; Andrew Tatham; Emanuele Trucco Journal: BMJ Open Ophthalmol Date: 2021-11-25