Molecular Phylogeny and Global Diversity of the Genus Haploporus (Polyporales, Basidiomycota).

Phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Haploporus were carried out based on a larger number of samples covering a wider geographic range including East Asia, South Asia, Europe, and America, and the species diversity of the genus is updated. Four species, Haploporus bicolor, H. longisporus, H. punctatus and H. srilankensis, are described as new species based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses inferred from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), the large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nLSU), and the small subunit mitochondrial rRNA gene (mtSSU). Haploporus bicolor is characterized by the distinctly different colors between the pore surface and the tubes, small pores measuring 5-7 per mm, and narrow basidiospores measuring 10.5-11.9 × 4.5-5 µm; H. longisporus differs from other species in the genus by its large pores measuring 2-3 per mm, hyphae at dissepiment edge with simple septum, and the long basidiospores (up to 22 µm); H. punctatus is distinguished by its cushion-shaped basidiocarps, wide fusiform cystidioles with a simple septum at the tips, the absence of dendrohyphidia and the cylindrical to slightly allantoid basidiospores measuring 9-10.8 × 3.8-5 µm; H. srilankensis is characterized by its perennial habit, small pores measuring 4-5 per mm, dextrinoid skeletal hyphae, the presence of cystidioles and dendrohyphidia. An identification key to accepted species of Haploporus is provided.