| Literature DB >> 33566936 |
Bruna Miers May1, Mauricio Pimentel2, Leandro Ioschpe Zimerman2, Luis Eduardo Rohde2.
Abstract
In the last years, several diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers have been studied in cardiovascular disease. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), a cytokine belonging to the transforming growth factor- (TGF-) family, is highly up-regulated in stress and inflammatory conditions and has been correlated to myocardial injury and pressure cardiac overload in animal models. This new biomarker has been positively correlated with increased risk of cardiovascular events in population studies and shown an independent predictor of mortality in patients with coronary artery disease and heart failure. This review aimed to summarize the current evidence on the diagnostic and prognostic value of GDF-15 in different settings in cardiology.Entities:
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Year: 2021 PMID: 33566936 PMCID: PMC8159541 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200426
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Arq Bras Cardiol ISSN: 0066-782X Impact factor: 2.000
Figura 1– Fatores que modificam a expressão do fator de crescimento e diferenciação celular-15 (GDF-15) no sistema cardiovascular.
Figura 2– Implicação do aumento nos níveis de fator de crescimento e diferenciação celular-15 (GDF-15) em diferentes aspectos clínicos na insuficiência cardíaca. IC: insuficiência cardíaca; CV: cardiovasculares; ICFEp: insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção preservada; NYHA: New York Heart Association; ICFEr: insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção reduzida; DAC: doença arterial coronariana
Pontos de corte do fator de crescimento e diferenciação celular-15 (GDF-15) empregados no diagnóstico e prognóstico em diferentes condições clínicas (valores expressos em ng/L)
| Valor para diagnóstico | Predição de eventos adversos | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eventos cardiovasculares | Morte cardiovascular | Morte súbita | Mortalidade total | ||
| IC com fração de ejeção reduzida 7,33,34 | > 1200 | > 2040 | > 2252 | * | > 2040 |
| IC com fração de ejeção preservada 31,40,42 | > 1160 | * | NA | NA | * |
| Síndrome coronariana aguda 15,19 | > 967 | > 1550 | > 1550 | NA | > 1259 |
| Doença arterial coronariana estável 27 | NA | > 1253 | > 1827 | > 1253 | > 915 |
NA: Não avaliável (sem estudos para aquele desfecho ou estudos pequenos não confiáveis). * Uso do biomarcador como variável contínua, sem ponto de corte específico.
Figure 2– Implications of increased growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) levels in different clinical conditions of heart failure; HF: heart failure; HFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; NYHA: New York Heart Association; CAD: coronary artery disease
– Cut-off points of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) used for diagnosis and prognosis in different clinical conditions (values in ng/L)
| Diagnostic cut-off levels | Prediction of adverse events | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular evens | Cardiovascular death | Sudden death | Overall mortality | ||
| HF with reduced ejection fraction7,33,34 | > 1,200 | > 2,040 | > 2,252 | * | > 2,040 |
| HF with preserved ejection fraction31,40,42 | > 1,160 | * | NA | * | |
| Acute coronary syndrome15,19 | > 967 | > 1,550 | > 1,550 | NA | > 1,259 |
| Stable coronary artery disease27 | NA | > 1,253 | > 1,827 | > 1,253 | > 915 |
NA: Not accessible (no study including the outcome, or unreliable, small studies). * Use of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) as a continuous variable, without specific cut-off point.