Luciano Pinotti1,2, Michele Manoni1, Luca Ferrari1, Marco Tretola1,3, Roberta Cazzola4, Ian Givens5. 1. Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety (VESPA), Università di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy. 2. CRC I-WE (Coordinating Research Centre: Innovation for Well-Being and Environment), Università di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy. 3. Agroscope, Institute for Livestock Sciences, 1725 Posieux, Switzerland. 4. Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "L. Sacco", Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy. 5. Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK.
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) is a mineral that plays an essential role as cofactor of more than 300 enzymes. Mg in farm animals' and human nutrition is recommended to avoid Mg deficiency, ensure adequate growth and health maintenance. Mg supplementation above the estimated minimum requirements is the best practice to improve farm animals' performances (fertility and yield) and food products' quality, since the performance of farm animals has grown in recent decades. Mg supplementation in pigs increases meat quality and sows' fertility; in poultry, it helps to avoid deficiency-related health conditions and to improve meat quality and egg production by laying hens; in dairy cows, it serves to avoid grass tetany and milk fever, two conditions related to hypomagnesaemia, and to support their growth. Thus, Mg supplementation increases food products' quality and prevents Mg deficiency in farm animals, ensuring an adequate Mg content in animal-source food. These latter are excellent Mg sources in human diets. Sub-optimal Mg intake by humans has several implications in bone development, muscle function, and health maintenance. This review summarizes the main knowledge about Mg in farm animals and in human nutrition.
n class="Chemical">Magnesium (pan> class="Chemical">Mg) is a mineral that plays an essential role as cofactor of more than 300 enzymes. Mg in farm animals' and human nutrition is recommended to avoid Mg deficiency, ensure adequate growth and health maintenance. Mg supplementation above the estimated minimum requirements is the best practice to improve farm animals' performances (fertility and yield) and food products' quality, since the performance of farm animals has grown in recent decades. Mg supplementation in pigs increases meat quality and sows' fertility; in poultry, it helps to avoid deficiency-related health conditions and to improve meat quality and egg production by laying hens; in dairy cows, it serves to avoid grass tetany and milk fever, two conditions related to hypomagnesaemia, and to support their growth. Thus, Mg supplementation increases food products' quality and prevents Mg deficiency in farm animals, ensuring an adequate Mg content in animal-source food. These latter are excellent Mg sources in human diets. Sub-optimal Mg intake by humans has several implications in bone development, muscle function, and health maintenance. This review summarizes the main knowledge about Mg in farm animals and in human nutrition.
Entities:
Keywords:
animal nutrition; animal-derived foods; livestock; magnesium deficiency; magnesium in human nutrition; magnesium supplementation
Authors: Antonio M Jodral-Segado; Miguel Navarro-Alarcón; Hermminia López-Ga de la Serrana; María C López-Martínez Journal: Sci Total Environ Date: 2003-08-01 Impact factor: 7.963
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