Erica Tambone1, Emiliana Bonomi1,2, Paolo Ghensi3, Devid Maniglio1, Chiara Ceresa4, Francesca Agostinacchio1, Patrizio Caciagli2, Giandomenico Nollo1,5, Federico Piccoli2, Iole Caola2, Letizia Fracchia4, Francesco Tessarolo6,7. 1. Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 38123, Trento, Italy. 2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Provinciale Per I Servizi Sanitari, 38122, Trento, Italy. 3. Department CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123, Trento, Italy. 4. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro", 28100, Novara, Italy. 5. Healthcare Research and Innovation Program (IRCS-FBK-PAT), Bruno Kessler Foundation, 38123, Trento, Italy. 6. Department of Industrial Engineering and BIOtech, University of Trento, via Sommarive, 38123, Trento, Italy. francesco.tessarolo@unitn.it. 7. Healthcare Research and Innovation Program (IRCS-FBK-PAT), Bruno Kessler Foundation, 38123, Trento, Italy. francesco.tessarolo@unitn.it.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are biofilm-related diseases causing major concern in oral implantology, requiring complex anti-infective procedures or implant removal. Microbial biosurfactants emerged as new anti-biofilm agents for coating implantable devices preserving biocompatibility. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of rhamnolipid biosurfactant R89 (R89BS) to reduce Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation on titanium. METHODS: R89BS was physically adsorbed on titanium discs (TDs). Cytotoxicity of coated TDs was evaluated on normal lung fibroblasts (MRC5) using a lactate dehydrogenase assay. The ability of coated TDs to inhibit biofilm formation was evaluated by quantifying biofilm biomass and cell metabolic activity, at different time-points, with respect to uncoated controls. A qualitative analysis of sessile bacteria was also performed by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: R89BS-coated discs showed no cytotoxic effects. TDs coated with 4 mg/mL R89BS inhibited the biofilm biomass of S. aureus by 99%, 47% and 7% and of S. epidermidis by 54%, 29%, and 10% at 24, 48 and 72 h respectively. A significant reduction of the biofilm metabolic activity was also documented. The same coating applied on three commercial implant surfaces resulted in a biomass inhibition higher than 90% for S. aureus, and up to 78% for S. epidermidis at 24 h. CONCLUSIONS: R89BS-coating was effective in reducing Staphylococcus biofilm formation at the titanium implant surface. The anti-biofilm action can be obtained on several different commercially available implant surfaces, independently of their surface morphology.
BACKGROUND: Peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are biofilm-related diseases causing major concern in oral implantology, requiring complex anti-infective procedures or implant removal. Microbial biosurfactants emerged as new anti-biofilm agents for coating implantable devices preserving biocompatibility. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of rhamnolipid biosurfactant R89 (R89BS) to reduce Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation on titanium. METHODS:R89BS was physically adsorbed on titanium discs (TDs). Cytotoxicity of coated TDs was evaluated on normal lung fibroblasts (MRC5) using a lactate dehydrogenase assay. The ability of coated TDs to inhibit biofilm formation was evaluated by quantifying biofilm biomass and cell metabolic activity, at different time-points, with respect to uncoated controls. A qualitative analysis of sessile bacteria was also performed by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS:R89BS-coated discs showed no cytotoxic effects. TDs coated with 4 mg/mLR89BS inhibited the biofilm biomass of S. aureus by 99%, 47% and 7% and of S. epidermidis by 54%, 29%, and 10% at 24, 48 and 72 h respectively. A significant reduction of the biofilm metabolic activity was also documented. The same coating applied on three commercial implant surfaces resulted in a biomass inhibition higher than 90% for S. aureus, and up to 78% for S. epidermidis at 24 h. CONCLUSIONS:R89BS-coating was effective in reducing Staphylococcus biofilm formation at the titanium implant surface. The anti-biofilm action can be obtained on several different commercially available implant surfaces, independently of their surface morphology.
Authors: Larissa O Berbel; Everson do P Banczek; Ioannis K Karoussis; Georgios A Kotsakis; Isolda Costa Journal: PLoS One Date: 2019-01-31 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Stephanie P Gill; William R Hunter; Laura E Coulson; Ibrahim M Banat; Jakob Schelker Journal: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol Date: 2022-09-19 Impact factor: 5.560