Dominika M Pindus1,2,3, Caitlyn G Edwards4, Anne M Walk5, Ginger Reeser6, Nicholas A Burd6,7, Hannah D Holscher6,7,8, Naiman A Khan6,9,7,8. 1. Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. pindus@illinois.edu. 2. Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. pindus@illinois.edu. 3. Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. pindus@illinois.edu. 4. Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. 5. Department of Psychology, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL, USA. 6. Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. 7. Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. 8. Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. 9. Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationships between daily sedentary time (ST), prolonged ST, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and behavioral and neuroelectric indices of cognitive control in adults with overweight and obesity (OW/OB). SUBJECTS/ METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used. Overall, 89 adults (BMI = 31.9 ± 4.9 kg/m2) provided measures of ST, prolonged ST (i.e., ST accumulated in ≥20 min), and MVPA from a hip-worn accelerometer worn over 7 days. Inhibitory control was measured with a modified Eriksen flanker task and cognitive flexibility with task switching. The amplitude and the latency of the P3 component of event-related potentials during each task were used as measures of attentional resource allocation and information processing speed, respectively. RESULTS: After adjusting for ST and MVPA, prolonged ST was related to greater interference (i.e., a larger decrement in accuracy between congruent and incongruent trials of the flanker task) indicative of a specific relationship between prolonged ST and poorer inhibitory control. Before adjusting for ST, MVPA was related to a smaller Global Switch Cost expressed as larger (more positive) amplitude of the P3 difference wave (mixed-task minus single-task condition of the switch task). Adjustment for ST attenuated this association to non-significance. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that future interventions focused on improving inhibitory control in adults with OW/OB should target restructuring ST in addition to current efforts to increase MVPA.
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationships between daily sedentary time (ST), prolonged ST, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and behavioral and neuroelectric indices of cognitive control in adults with overweight and obesity (OW/OB). SUBJECTS/ METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used. Overall, 89 adults (BMI = 31.9 ± 4.9 kg/m2) provided measures of ST, prolonged ST (i.e., ST accumulated in ≥20 min), and MVPA from a hip-worn accelerometer worn over 7 days. Inhibitory control was measured with a modified Eriksen flanker task and cognitive flexibility with task switching. The amplitude and the latency of the P3 component of event-related potentials during each task were used as measures of attentional resource allocation and information processing speed, respectively. RESULTS: After adjusting for ST and MVPA, prolonged ST was related to greater interference (i.e., a larger decrement in accuracy between congruent and incongruent trials of the flanker task) indicative of a specific relationship between prolonged ST and poorer inhibitory control. Before adjusting for ST, MVPA was related to a smaller Global Switch Cost expressed as larger (more positive) amplitude of the P3 difference wave (mixed-task minus single-task condition of the switch task). Adjustment for ST attenuated this association to non-significance. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that future interventions focused on improving inhibitory control in adults with OW/OB should target restructuring ST in addition to current efforts to increase MVPA.
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