BACKGROUND: Somatosensory deficits are prevalent after stroke, but effective interventions are limited. Brain stimulation of the contralesional primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is a promising adjunct to peripherally administered rehabilitation therapies. OBJECTIVE: To assess short-term effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting contralesional (S1) of the upper extremity. METHODS: Using a single-session randomized crossover design, stroke survivors with upper extremity somatosensory loss participated in 3 rTMS treatments targeting contralesional S1: Sham, 5 Hz, and 1 Hz. rTMS was delivered concurrently with peripheral of sensory electrical stimulation and vibration of the affected hand. Outcomes included 2-point discrimination (2PD), proprioception, vibration perception threshold, monofilament threshold (size), and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP). Measures were collected before, immediately after treatment, and 1 hour after treatment. Mixed models were fit to analyze the effects of the 3 interventions. RESULTS: Subjects were 59.8 ± 8.1 years old and 45 ± 39 months poststroke. There was improvement in 2PD after 5-Hz rTMS for the stroke-affected (F(2, 76.163) = 3.5, P = .035) and unaffected arm (F(2, 192.786) = 10.6, P < .0001). Peak-to-peak SEP amplitudes were greater after 5-Hz rTMS for N33-P45 (F(2, 133.027) = 3.518, P = .032) and N45-P60 (F(2, 67.353) = 3.212, P = .047). Latencies shortened after 5-Hz rTMS for N20 (F(2, 69.64) = 3.37, P = .04), N60 (F(2, 47.343) = 4.375, P = .018), and P100 (F(2, 37.608) = 3.537, P = .039) peaks. There were no differences between changes immediately after the intervention and an hour later. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term application of facilitatory high-frequency rTMS (5Hz) to contralesional S1 combined with peripheral somatosensory stimulation may promote somatosensory function. This intervention may serve as a useful adjunct in somatosensory rehabilitation after stroke.
BACKGROUND: Somatosensory deficits are prevalent after stroke, but effective interventions are limited. Brain stimulation of the contralesional primary somatosensory cortex (S1) is a promising adjunct to peripherally administered rehabilitation therapies. OBJECTIVE: To assess short-term effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting contralesional (S1) of the upper extremity. METHODS: Using a single-session randomized crossover design, stroke survivors with upper extremity somatosensory loss participated in 3 rTMS treatments targeting contralesional S1: Sham, 5 Hz, and 1 Hz. rTMS was delivered concurrently with peripheral of sensory electrical stimulation and vibration of the affected hand. Outcomes included 2-point discrimination (2PD), proprioception, vibration perception threshold, monofilament threshold (size), and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP). Measures were collected before, immediately after treatment, and 1 hour after treatment. Mixed models were fit to analyze the effects of the 3 interventions. RESULTS: Subjects were 59.8 ± 8.1 years old and 45 ± 39 months poststroke. There was improvement in 2PD after 5-Hz rTMS for the stroke-affected (F(2, 76.163) = 3.5, P = .035) and unaffected arm (F(2, 192.786) = 10.6, P < .0001). Peak-to-peak SEP amplitudes were greater after 5-Hz rTMS for N33-P45 (F(2, 133.027) = 3.518, P = .032) and N45-P60 (F(2, 67.353) = 3.212, P = .047). Latencies shortened after 5-Hz rTMS for N20 (F(2, 69.64) = 3.37, P = .04), N60 (F(2, 47.343) = 4.375, P = .018), and P100 (F(2, 37.608) = 3.537, P = .039) peaks. There were no differences between changes immediately after the intervention and an hour later. CONCLUSIONS: Short-term application of facilitatory high-frequency rTMS (5Hz) to contralesional S1 combined with peripheral somatosensory stimulation may promote somatosensory function. This intervention may serve as a useful adjunct in somatosensory rehabilitation after stroke.
Authors: Ela Bhatt; Ashima Nagpal; Kristine H Greer; Tiffany K Grunewald; Jennifer L Steele; Jeff W Wiemiller; Scott M Lewis; James R Carey Journal: Exp Brain Res Date: 2007-06-12 Impact factor: 1.972
Authors: M R Nuwer; M Aminoff; J Desmedt; A A Eisen; D Goodin; S Matsuoka; F Mauguière; H Shibasaki; W Sutherling; J F Vibert Journal: Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Date: 1994-07
Authors: Jacey L Janz Vernoski; Jack R Bjorkland; Talia J Kramer; Steven T Oczak; Alexandra L Borstad Journal: J Vis Exp Date: 2018-03-03 Impact factor: 1.355
Authors: Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur; Nathalie André-Obadia; Andrea Antal; Samar S Ayache; Chris Baeken; David H Benninger; Roberto M Cantello; Massimo Cincotta; Mamede de Carvalho; Dirk De Ridder; Hervé Devanne; Vincenzo Di Lazzaro; Saša R Filipović; Friedhelm C Hummel; Satu K Jääskeläinen; Vasilios K Kimiskidis; Giacomo Koch; Berthold Langguth; Thomas Nyffeler; Antonio Oliviero; Frank Padberg; Emmanuel Poulet; Simone Rossi; Paolo Maria Rossini; John C Rothwell; Carlos Schönfeldt-Lecuona; Hartwig R Siebner; Christina W Slotema; Charlotte J Stagg; Josep Valls-Sole; Ulf Ziemann; Walter Paulus; Luis Garcia-Larrea Journal: Clin Neurophysiol Date: 2014-06-05 Impact factor: 3.708