Nor Suhaila Yaacob1,2, Mohd Fadzli Ahmad3, Nobuyuki Kawasaki4, Maegala Nallapan Maniyam1,2, Hasdianty Abdullah1,3, Emi Fazlina Hashim3,5, Fridelina Sjahrir3, Wan Muhammad Ikram Wan Mohd Zamri3, Kazuhiro Komatsu6, Victor S Kuwahara5. 1. Institute of Bio-IT Selangor, Universiti Selangor, Jalan Zirkon A7/A, Seksyen 7, Shah Alam 40000, Selangor, Malaysia. 2. Centre for Foundation and General Studies, Universiti Selangor, Jalan Zirkon A7/A, Seksyen 7, Shah Alam 40000, Selangor, Malaysia. 3. Department of Science & Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering & Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Bestari Jaya 45600, Selangor, Malaysia. 4. Dainippon Ink and Chemicals DIC Corporation, Central Research Laboratories, 631 Sakado, Sakura, Chiba 285-8668, Japan. 5. Faculty of Education & Graduate School of Engineering, Soka University, 1-236 Tangi-Machi, Hachioji-Shi 192-8577, Japan. 6. National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
Abstract
Soil extracts are useful nutrients to enhance the growth of microalgae. Therefore, the present study attempts for the use of virgin soils from Peninsular Malaysia as growth enhancer. Soils collected from Raja Musa Forest Reserve (RMFR) and Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve (AHFR) were treated using different extraction methods. The total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the autoclave methods were relatively higher than natural extraction with up to 132.0 mg N/L, 10.7 mg P/L, and 2629 mg C/L, respectively for RMFR. The results of TDN, TDP, and DOC suggested that the best extraction methods are autoclaved at 121 °C twice with increasing 87%, 84%, and 95%, respectively. Chlorella vulgaris TRG 4C dominated the growth at 121 °C twice extraction method in the RMRF and AHRF samples, with increasing 54.3% and 14%, respectively. The specific growth rate (µ) of both microalgae were relatively higher, 0.23 d-1 in the Ayer Hitam Soil. This extract served well as a microalgal growth promoter, reducing the cost and the needs for synthetic medium. Mass production of microalgae as aquatic feed will be attempted eventually. The high recovery rate of nutrients has a huge potential to serve as a growth promoter for microalgae.
Soil extracts are useful nutrients to enhance the growth of micropan class="Species">algaen>. Therefore, the present study attempn>ts for the use of virgin soils from Peninsular Malaysia as growth enhancer. Soils collected from Raja Musa Forest Reserve (RMFR) and Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve (n>an class="Disease">AHFR) were treated using different extraction methods. The total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), total dissolved phosphorus (pan class="Disease">TDP), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the autoclave methods were relatively higher than natural extraction with up to 132.0 mg N/L, 10.7 mg P/L, and 2629 mg C/L, respectively for RMFR. The results of TDN, TDP, and DOC suggested that the best extraction methods are autoclaved at 121 °C twice with increasing 87%, 84%, and 95%, respectively. Chlorella vulgaris TRG 4C dominated the growth at 121 °C twice extraction method in the RMRF and AHRF samples, with increasing 54.3% and 14%, respectively. The specific growth rate (µ) of both microalgae were relatively higher, 0.23 d-1 in the Ayer Hitam Soil. This extract served well as a microalgal growth promoter, reducing the cost and the needs for synthetic medium. Mass production of microalgae as aquatic feed will be attempted eventually. The high recovery rate of nutrients has a huge potential to serve as a growth promoter for microalgae.
Authors: Wan Muhammad Ikram Wan Mohd Zamri; Fridelina Sjahrir; Nor Suhaila Yaacob; Noor Fazreen Dzulkafli; Mohd Fadzli Ahmad; Hasdianty Abdullah; Maegala Nallapan Maniyam; Emi Fazlina Hashim; Nobuyuki Kawasaki; Kazuhiro Komatsu; Victor S Kuwahara Journal: Molecules Date: 2021-04-23 Impact factor: 4.411