Anna Suraya1,2, Dennis Nowak3,4, Astrid Widajati Sulistomo5, Aziza Ghanie Icksan6,7, Ursula Berger8, Elisna Syahruddin9, Stephan Bose-O'Reilly3,10. 1. CIHLMU Center for International Health, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany. 2. Occupational Health and Safety Program, Universitas Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia. 3. Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany. 4. Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Germany. 5. Occupational Medicine Specialist, Universitas Indonesia Academic Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. 6. Department of Radiology, Persahabatan Hospital, National Respiratory Referral Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. 7. Faculty of Medicine UPN Veteran, Jakarta, Indonesia. 8. IBE - Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry and Epidemiology, LMU Munich, Germany. 9. Division of Thoracic Oncology Department of Pulmonology Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Persahabatan hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. 10. Institute of Public Health, Medical Decision Making and Health Technology Assessment, Department of Public Health, Health Services Research and Health Technology Assessment, UMIT-Private University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Austria.
Abstract
Background: In Indonesia, many occupations and industries involve a variety of hazardous and toxic materials. The ILO estimates that about 21.1% of the tracheal, bronchial, and lung cancer deaths among men were attributable to workplace hazardous substances. This study investigated the relationship between occupations or workplace exposure and the risk of lung cancer in the country. The results will help determine how Indonesia can best mitigate the risk for its workers. Objectives: This case-control study utilizes the Indonesian Standard of Industrial Classification (IndSIC) 2015 with the aim of exploring the risk of lung cancer among Indonesian workers. Methods: The study included patients aged 35 years old or older receiving thoracic CT at the radiology department of Persahabatan Hospital. The cases were histological-confirmed primary lung cancers, while the controls were negative thoracic CT scan for lung cancer. The subjects' job titles and industries were classified according to IndSIC 2015 and blind to the patient's grouping as a case or control. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios for lung cancer among all sections and some divisions or groups of IndSIC 2015. Findings: The mean age was 58.1 (±10.23) years for lung cancer patients and 54.5 (±10.23) years for controls. The majority of subjects (19.6%) worked in Section G (Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycle). After adjusting for age, gender, level of education, and smoking habit, the risk of lung cancer was nearly three-times higher (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.11-7.02) in workers of Division A01 (crop, animal production, and hunting) and two-times higher (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.05-3.46) in workers of Section F (construction) compared to the workers in other sections or divisions. Conclusions: The excess risk of lung cancer among certain categories of workers confirms the need for improved policy, monitoring, and control of occupational exposure for primary cancer prevention and workers' compensation purposes. Copyright:
Background: In Indonesia, many occupations and industries involve a variety of hazardous and toxic materials. The ILO estimates that about 21.1% of the tracheal, bronchial, and lung cancer deaths among men were attributable to workplace hazardous substances. This study investigated the relationship between occupations or workplace exposure and the risk of lung cancer in the country. The results will help determine how Indonesia can best mitigate the risk for its workers. Objectives: This case-control study utilizes the Indonesian Standard of Industrial Classification (IndSIC) 2015 with the aim of exploring the risk of lung cancer among Indonesian workers. Methods: The study included patients aged 35 years old or older receiving thoracic CT at the radiology department of Persahabatan Hospital. The cases were histological-confirmed primary lung cancers, while the controls were negative thoracic CT scan for lung cancer. The subjects' job titles and industries were classified according to IndSIC 2015 and blind to the patient's grouping as a case or control. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios for lung cancer among all sections and some divisions or groups of IndSIC 2015. Findings: The mean age was 58.1 (±10.23) years for lung cancerpatients and 54.5 (±10.23) years for controls. The majority of subjects (19.6%) worked in Section G (Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycle). After adjusting for age, gender, level of education, and smoking habit, the risk of lung cancer was nearly three-times higher (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.11-7.02) in workers of Division A01 (crop, animal production, and hunting) and two-times higher (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.05-3.46) in workers of Section F (construction) compared to the workers in other sections or divisions. Conclusions: The excess risk of lung cancer among certain categories of workers confirms the need for improved policy, monitoring, and control of occupational exposure for primary cancer prevention and workers' compensation purposes. Copyright:
Authors: Michael C R Alavanja; Mustafa Dosemeci; Claudine Samanic; Jay Lubin; Charles F Lynch; Charles Knott; Joseph Barker; Jane A Hoppin; Dale P Sandler; Joseph Coble; Kent Thomas; Aaron Blair Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2004-11-01 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Dario Consonni; Sara De Matteis; Jay H Lubin; Sholom Wacholder; Margaret Tucker; Angela Cecilia Pesatori; Neil E Caporaso; Pier Alberto Bertazzi; Maria Teresa Landi Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2010-01-04 Impact factor: 4.897