Hashem Salarzadeh Jenatabadi1, Nadia Samsudin2, Che Wan Jasimah Bt Wan Mohamed Radzi2. 1. Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. jenatabadi@um.edu.my. 2. Department of Science and Technology Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Since the last decade, postpartum depression (PPD) has been recognized as a significant public health problem, and several factors have been linked to PPD. Mothers at risk are rarely undetected and underdiagnosed. Our study aims to determine the factors leading to symptoms of depression using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. In this research, we introduced a new framework for postpartum depression modeling for women. METHODS: We structured the model of this research to take into consideration the Malaysian culture in particular. A total of 387 postpartum women have completed the questionnaire. The symptoms of postpartum depression were examined using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and they act as a dependent variable in this research model. RESULTS: Four hundred fifty mothers were invited to participate in this research. 86% of the total distributed questionnaire received feedback. The majority of 79.6% of respondents were having depression symptoms. The highest coefficients of factor loading analysis obtained in every latent variable indicator were income (β = 0.77), screen time (β = 0.83), chips (β = 0.85), and anxiety (β = 0.88). Lifestyle, unhealthy food, and BMI variables were directly affected by the dependent variable. Based on the output, respondents with a high level of depression symptoms tended to consume more unhealthy food and had a high level of body mass indexes (BMI). The highest significant impact on depression level among postpartum women was unhealthy food consumption. Based on our model, the findings indicated that 76% of the variances stemmed from a variety of factors: socio-demographics, lifestyle, healthy food, unhealthy food, and BMI. The strength of the exogenous and endogenous variables in this research framework is strong. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of postpartum women with depression symptoms in this study is considerably high. It is, therefore, imperative that postpartum women seek medical help to prevent postpartum depressive symptoms from worsening.
BACKGROUND: Since the last decade, postpartum depression (PPD) has been recognized as a significant public health problem, and several factors have been linked to PPD. Mothers at risk are rarely undetected and underdiagnosed. Our study aims to determine the factors leading to symptoms of depression using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. In this research, we introduced a new framework for postpartum depression modeling for women. METHODS: We structured the model of this research to take into consideration the Malaysian culture in particular. A total of 387 postpartum women have completed the questionnaire. The symptoms of postpartum depression were examined using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and they act as a dependent variable in this research model. RESULTS: Four hundred fifty mothers were invited to participate in this research. 86% of the total distributed questionnaire received feedback. The majority of 79.6% of respondents were having depression symptoms. The highest coefficients of factor loading analysis obtained in every latent variable indicator were income (β = 0.77), screen time (β = 0.83), chips (β = 0.85), and anxiety (β = 0.88). Lifestyle, unhealthy food, and BMI variables were directly affected by the dependent variable. Based on the output, respondents with a high level of depression symptoms tended to consume more unhealthy food and had a high level of body mass indexes (BMI). The highest significant impact on depression level among postpartum women was unhealthy food consumption. Based on our model, the findings indicated that 76% of the variances stemmed from a variety of factors: socio-demographics, lifestyle, healthy food, unhealthy food, and BMI. The strength of the exogenous and endogenous variables in this research framework is strong. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of postpartum women with depression symptoms in this study is considerably high. It is, therefore, imperative that postpartum women seek medical help to prevent postpartum depressive symptoms from worsening.
Authors: Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz; Jaclyn Broadbent; Ben Richardson; Brittany Watson; Anna Klas; Helen Skouteris Journal: Body Image Date: 2019-12-25
Authors: Sarah E Bledsoe; Cynthia F Rizo; Traci L Wike; Candace Killian-Farrell; Julia Wessel; Anne-Marie O Bellows; Alison Doernberg Journal: Women Birth Date: 2017-03-18 Impact factor: 3.172
Authors: A Di Florio; K Putnam; M Altemus; G Apter; V Bergink; J Bilszta; R Brock; A Buist; K M Deligiannidis; E Devouche; C N Epperson; C Guille; D Kim; P Lichtenstein; P K E Magnusson; P Martinez; T Munk-Olsen; J Newport; J Payne; B W Penninx; M O'Hara; E Robertson-Blackmore; S J Roza; K M Sharkey; S Stuart; H Tiemeier; A Viktorin; P J Schmidt; P F Sullivan; Z N Stowe; K L Wisner; I Jones; D R Rubinow; S Meltzer-Brody Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2016-11-21 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: Xichenhui Qiu; Ting Li; Qiyu Fang; Lingling Huang; Xujuan Zheng Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-06-29 Impact factor: 4.614