Aida Arroyo1, José A Periáñez2, Marcos Ríos-Lago3, Genny Lubrini2, Jorge Andreo1, Julián Benito-León4, Elan D Louis5, Juan Pablo Romero6. 1. Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid, Spain. 2. Experimental Psychology Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. 3. Basic Psychology II Department, UNED, Madrid 28040, Spain; Brain Damage Unit, Hospital Beata María Ana, Madrid, Spain. 4. Department of Neurology, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Spain; Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain. 5. Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics at UT Southwestern Medical Center. 6. Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Madrid 28223, Spain; Brain Damage Unit, Hospital Beata María Ana, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Bradyphrenia is a key cognitive feature in Parkinson's disease (PD). There is no consensus on whether information processing speed is impaired or not beyond motor performance. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore which perceptual, motor, or cognitive components of information processing are involved in the slowdown affecting cognitive performance. METHODS: The study included 48 patients with PD (age: 63, 3 ± 8, 18; HY I-III; UPDRS 15,46 ± 7,76) and 53 healthy controls (age: 60,09 ± 12,83). Five reaction time (RT) tasks were administered to all participants. The average RT in each of the tasks and the percentage of correct answers were measured. Patients with PD were in "ON state" at the time of the evaluation. Perceptual, motor, and cognitive components were isolated by means of a series of ANCOVAs. RESULTS: As expected, the motor component was slowed down in patients with PD. Moreover, while patients with PD showed slower RT than controls in all tasks, differences between groups did not exponentially increase with the increasing task complexity. ANCOVA analyses also revealed that the perceptual and sustained alert component resulted to be slowed down, with no differences being found in any of the remaining isolated cognitive components (i.e., response strategy-inhibition, decisional, visual search, or interference control). CONCLUSIONS: The results revealed that slowness of information processing in PD was mainly associated with an impaired processing speed of the motor and perceptual-alertness components analyzed. The results may help designing new neurorehabilitation strategies, focusing on the improvement of perceptual and alertness mechanisms.
INTRODUCTION: Bradyphrenia is a key cognitive feature in Parkinson's disease (PD). There is no consensus on whether information processing speed is impaired or not beyond motor performance. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore which perceptual, motor, or cognitive components of information processing are involved in the slowdown affecting cognitive performance. METHODS: The study included 48 patients with PD (age: 63, 3 ± 8, 18; HY I-III; UPDRS 15,46 ± 7,76) and 53 healthy controls (age: 60,09 ± 12,83). Five reaction time (RT) tasks were administered to all participants. The average RT in each of the tasks and the percentage of correct answers were measured. Patients with PD were in "ON state" at the time of the evaluation. Perceptual, motor, and cognitive components were isolated by means of a series of ANCOVAs. RESULTS: As expected, the motor component was slowed down in patients with PD. Moreover, while patients with PD showed slower RT than controls in all tasks, differences between groups did not exponentially increase with the increasing task complexity. ANCOVA analyses also revealed that the perceptual and sustained alert component resulted to be slowed down, with no differences being found in any of the remaining isolated cognitive components (i.e., response strategy-inhibition, decisional, visual search, or interference control). CONCLUSIONS: The results revealed that slowness of information processing in PD was mainly associated with an impaired processing speed of the motor and perceptual-alertness components analyzed. The results may help designing new neurorehabilitation strategies, focusing on the improvement of perceptual and alertness mechanisms.
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Authors: Aida Arroyo-Ferrer; Francisco José Sánchez-Cuesta; Yeray González-Zamorano; María Dolores Del Castillo; Carolina Sastre-Barrios; Marcos Ríos-Lago; Juan Pablo Romero Journal: Medicina (Kaunas) Date: 2021-03-26 Impact factor: 2.430
Authors: Aida Arroyo; José A Periáñez; Marcos Ríos-Lago; Genny Lubrini; Jorge Andreo; Julián Benito-León; Elan D Louis; Juan Pablo Romero Journal: Brain Behav Date: 2021-01-15 Impact factor: 2.708