Yvoni Kyriakidou1, Carly Wood1,2, Chrystalla Ferrier1, Alberto Dolci1, Bradley Elliott3. 1. Translational Physiology Research Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London, W1W 6UW, UK. 2. School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Essex, UK. 3. Translational Physiology Research Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London, W1W 6UW, UK. b.elliott@westminster.ac.uk.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) results in transient muscle inflammation, strength loss, muscle soreness and may cause subsequent exercise avoidance. Omega-3 (n-3) supplementation may minimise EIMD via its anti-inflammatory properties, however, its efficacy remains unclear. METHODS:Healthy males (n = 14, 25.07 ± 4.05 years) were randomised to 3 g/day n-3 supplementation (N-3, n = 7) or placebo (PLA, n = 7). Following 4 weeks supplementation, a downhill running protocol (60 min, 65% V̇O2max, - 10% gradient) was performed. Creatine kinase (CK), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, perceived muscle soreness, maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and peak power were quantified pre, post, and 24, 48 and 72 h post-EIMD. RESULTS:Muscle soreness was significantly lower in N-3 vs PLA group at 24 h post-EIMD (p = 0.034). IL-6 was increased in PLA (p = 0.009) but not in N-3 (p = 0.434) following EIMD, however, no significant differences were noted between groups. Peak power was significantly suppressed in PLA relative to pre-EIMD but not in N-3 group at 24 h post-EIMD. However, no significant difference in peak power output was observed between groups. MVIC, CK and TNF-α were altered by EIMD but did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION:N-3 supplementation for 4 weeks may successfully attenuate minor aspects of EIMD. Whilst not improving performance, these findings may have relevance to soreness-associated exercise avoidance.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) results in transient muscle inflammation, strength loss, muscle soreness and may cause subsequent exercise avoidance. Omega-3 (n-3) supplementation may minimise EIMD via its anti-inflammatory properties, however, its efficacy remains unclear. METHODS: Healthy males (n = 14, 25.07 ± 4.05 years) were randomised to 3 g/day n-3 supplementation (N-3, n = 7) or placebo (PLA, n = 7). Following 4 weeks supplementation, a downhill running protocol (60 min, 65% V̇O2max, - 10% gradient) was performed. Creatine kinase (CK), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, perceived muscle soreness, maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and peak power were quantified pre, post, and 24, 48 and 72 h post-EIMD. RESULTS:Muscle soreness was significantly lower in N-3 vs PLA group at 24 h post-EIMD (p = 0.034). IL-6 was increased in PLA (p = 0.009) but not in N-3 (p = 0.434) following EIMD, however, no significant differences were noted between groups. Peak power was significantly suppressed in PLA relative to pre-EIMD but not in N-3 group at 24 h post-EIMD. However, no significant difference in peak power output was observed between groups. MVIC, CK and TNF-α were altered by EIMD but did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION:N-3 supplementation for 4 weeks may successfully attenuate minor aspects of EIMD. Whilst not improving performance, these findings may have relevance to soreness-associated exercise avoidance.
Authors: Stephen J Ives; Samuel Bloom; Alexs Matias; Noelle Morrow; Natalya Martins; Yookee Roh; Daniel Ebenstein; Gabriel O'Brien; Daniela Escudero; Kevin Brito; Leah Glickman; Scott Connelly; Paul J Arciero Journal: J Int Soc Sports Nutr Date: 2017-07-03 Impact factor: 5.150
Authors: Drew E Gonzalez; Matthew J McAllister; Hunter S Waldman; Arny A Ferrando; Jill Joyce; Nicholas D Barringer; J Jay Dawes; Adam J Kieffer; Travis Harvey; Chad M Kerksick; Jeffrey R Stout; Tim N Ziegenfuss; Annette Zapp; Jamie L Tartar; Jeffery L Heileson; Trisha A VanDusseldorp; Douglas S Kalman; Bill I Campbell; Jose Antonio; Richard B Kreider Journal: J Int Soc Sports Nutr Date: 2022-06-23 Impact factor: 4.948