Bochao Huang1, Shangda Li1, Bing Sun1,2, Hailong Lyu1, Weijuan Xu1, Jianping Jiao1, Fen Pan1, Jianbo Hu1, Jinkai Chen1, Yaping Chen2, Manli Huang3, Yi Xu4. 1. Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, 79 Qing Chun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China. 2. Ningbo Psychiatric Hospital, 11 Rixingfang, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, 315032, Zhejiang province, China. 3. Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, 79 Qing Chun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China. huangmanli@zju.edu.cn. 4. Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, 79 Qing Chun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang Province, China. xuyizju@zju.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is associated with widespread cognitive impairment. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) is most frequently used to assess cognitive function. However, the MCCB test is time consuming for the clinician. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as an adjunctive tool to overcome this limitation and provides a new means to assess cognitive function. METHODS: The present study examined the validity and safety of using VR technology to assess cognitive function in Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia (SZs). The VR cognition training system (VRCTS) was used to simulate real-life supermarkets and assess cognitive function. Thirty-two SZs and 25 healthy controls (HCs) underwent VRCTS and MCCB assessments. An auxiliary diagnosis model was created based on the outcomes of the VRCTS to classify SZs and HCs by cognitive impairment. RESULTS: Significant differences in completion time between the SZs and HCs were detected using the VRCTS. SZs spent more time completing tasks than HCs. The outcome of VRCTS significantly correlated with the MCCB. The auxiliary diagnosis model had a sensitivity of 88.89% and a specificity of 88.89%. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the use of VR technology in the assessment of cognitive impairment in Han Chinese schizophrenia patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: China Clinical Trial Registry, ChiVTR1800016121. Registered 13 May 2018, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=27233.
BACKGROUND:Schizophrenia is associated with widespread cognitive impairment. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) is most frequently used to assess cognitive function. However, the MCCB test is time consuming for the clinician. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as an adjunctive tool to overcome this limitation and provides a new means to assess cognitive function. METHODS: The present study examined the validity and safety of using VR technology to assess cognitive function in Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia (SZs). The VR cognition training system (VRCTS) was used to simulate real-life supermarkets and assess cognitive function. Thirty-two SZs and 25 healthy controls (HCs) underwent VRCTS and MCCB assessments. An auxiliary diagnosis model was created based on the outcomes of the VRCTS to classify SZs and HCs by cognitive impairment. RESULTS: Significant differences in completion time between the SZs and HCs were detected using the VRCTS. SZs spent more time completing tasks than HCs. The outcome of VRCTS significantly correlated with the MCCB. The auxiliary diagnosis model had a sensitivity of 88.89% and a specificity of 88.89%. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the use of VR technology in the assessment of cognitive impairment in Han Chinese schizophreniapatients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: China Clinical Trial Registry, ChiVTR1800016121. Registered 13 May 2018, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=27233.
Authors: Keith H Nuechterlein; Michael F Green; Robert S Kern; Lyle E Baade; Deanna M Barch; Jonathan D Cohen; Susan Essock; Wayne S Fenton; Frederick J Frese; James M Gold; Terry Goldberg; Robert K Heaton; Richard S E Keefe; Helena Kraemer; Raquelle Mesholam-Gately; Larry J Seidman; Ellen Stover; Daniel R Weinberger; Alexander S Young; Steven Zalcman; Stephen R Marder Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2008-01-02 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: Nancy C Andreasen; William T Carpenter; John M Kane; Robert A Lasser; Stephen R Marder; Daniel R Weinberger Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2005-03 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: A McCleery; J Ventura; R S Kern; K L Subotnik; D Gretchen-Doorly; M F Green; G S Hellemann; K H Nuechterlein Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2014-06-02 Impact factor: 4.939