Priya Palta1, A Richey Sharrett2, Kelley Pettee Gabriel2, Rebecca F Gottesman2, Aaron R Folsom2, Melinda C Power2, Kelly R Evenson2, Clifford R Jack2, David S Knopman2, Thomas H Mosley2, Gerardo Heiss2. 1. From the Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine (P.P.), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Epidemiology (A.R.S., R.F.G.), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (K.P.G.), The University of Alabama at Birmingham; Department of Neurology (R.F.G.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health (A.R.F.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.P.), Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Department of Epidemiology (K.R.E., G.H.), Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Departments of Radiology (C.R.J.) and Neurology (D.S.K.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and The MIND Center (T.H.M.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson. pp2464@cumc.columbia.edu. 2. From the Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine (P.P.), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY; Department of Epidemiology (A.R.S., R.F.G.), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health (K.P.G.), The University of Alabama at Birmingham; Department of Neurology (R.F.G.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health (A.R.F.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Department of Epidemiology (M.C.P.), Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Department of Epidemiology (K.R.E., G.H.), Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Departments of Radiology (C.R.J.) and Neurology (D.S.K.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and The MIND Center (T.H.M.), University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that greater levels of leisure-time moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) in midlife or late life are associated with larger gray matter volumes, less white matter disease, and fewer cerebrovascular lesions measured in late life, we utilized data from 1,604 participants enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. METHODS: Leisure-time MVPA was quantified using a past-year recall, interviewer-administered questionnaire at baseline and 25 years later and classified as none, low, middle, and high at each time point. The presence of cerebrovascular lesions, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), white matter integrity (mean fractional anisotropy [FA] and mean diffusivity [MD]), and gray matter volumes were quantified with 3T MRI in late life. The odds of cerebrovascular lesions were estimated with logistic regression. Linear regression estimated the mean differences in WMH, mean FA and MD, and gray matter volumes. RESULTS: Among 1,604 participants (mean age 53 years, 61% female, 27% Black), 550 (34%), 176 (11%), 250 (16%), and 628 (39%) reported no, low, middle, and high MVPA in midlife, respectively. Compared to no MVPA in midlife, high MVPA was associated with more intact white matter integrity in late life (mean FA difference 0.13 per SD [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.004, 0.26]; mean MD difference -0.11 per SD [95% CI -0.21, -0.004]). High MVPA in midlife was also associated with a lower odds of lacunar infarcts (odds ratio 0.68, 95% CI 0.46, 0.99). High MVPA was not associated with gray matter volumes. High MVPA compared to no MVPA in late life was associated with most brain measures. CONCLUSION: Greater levels of physical activity in midlife may protect against cerebrovascular sequelae in late life.
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that greater levels of leisure-time moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) in midlife or late life are associated with larger gray matter volumes, less white matter disease, and fewer cerebrovascular lesions measured in late life, we utilized data from 1,604 participants enrolled in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. METHODS: Leisure-time MVPA was quantified using a past-year recall, interviewer-administered questionnaire at baseline and 25 years later and classified as none, low, middle, and high at each time point. The presence of cerebrovascular lesions, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), white matter integrity (mean fractional anisotropy [FA] and mean diffusivity [MD]), and gray matter volumes were quantified with 3T MRI in late life. The odds of cerebrovascular lesions were estimated with logistic regression. Linear regression estimated the mean differences in WMH, mean FA and MD, and gray matter volumes. RESULTS: Among 1,604 participants (mean age 53 years, 61% female, 27% Black), 550 (34%), 176 (11%), 250 (16%), and 628 (39%) reported no, low, middle, and high MVPA in midlife, respectively. Compared to no MVPA in midlife, high MVPA was associated with more intact white matter integrity in late life (mean FA difference 0.13 per SD [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.004, 0.26]; mean MD difference -0.11 per SD [95% CI -0.21, -0.004]). High MVPA in midlife was also associated with a lower odds of lacunar infarcts (odds ratio 0.68, 95% CI 0.46, 0.99). High MVPA was not associated with gray matter volumes. High MVPA compared to no MVPA in late life was associated with most brain measures. CONCLUSION: Greater levels of physical activity in midlife may protect against cerebrovascular sequelae in late life.
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