Umar Farooq Bullo1, Jaishri Mehraj2,3, Syed Musa Raza1,4, Shumaila Rasool1,5, Noreen Naz Ansari1, Ahmed Ali Shaikh1,6, Zamir Ali Phul1,5, Sohail Ahmed Memon1,5, Rehan Iqbal Baloch1, Zahoor Ahmed Baloch7, Shoukat Ali Chandio1,4. 1. Emergency Operations Centre for Polio Eradication and Immunization, Government of Sindh, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2. Emergency Operations Centre for Polio Eradication and Immunization, Government of Sindh, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. jaishrimehraj@gmail.com. 3. Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology (SZABIST), Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. jaishrimehraj@gmail.com. 4. The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 5. National Stop Transmission of Polio (N-STOP) Program, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 6. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 7. Expanded Program on Immunization, Government of Sindh, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) campaign was conducted in February 2019 in Karachi where needle-free injectors were introduced for the administration of the fractional dose of IPV (fIPV) on a large scale. This study aimed to determine the impact of needle-free injectors on vaccination coverage. METHODS: In four towns of Karachi, fIPV was given using needle-free injectors "PharmaJet Tropis ID". Whereas, in six towns full dose of IPV was administered to children of 4-59 months of age. Cluster surveys through rapid convenience assessment method were conducted after the completion of vaccination activity. RESULTS: A total of 33,815 households' data was analyzed. Among these, 27,650 (82.8%) children were vaccinated. In fIPV areas, 85.3% of children were vaccinated compared to 79.5% in full dose IPV areas. A comparison of reasons for unvaccinated showed that 1.6% of parents do not give importance to vaccination in fIPV areas compared to 4.2% in full IPV areas (p-value < 0.0001). More children were not vaccinated due to fear of injection 1.8% in full IPV areas compared to 0.7% in fIPV areas (p-value < 0.0001). The source of campaign information shows that more frequent mobile miking 3.1% was observed in fIPV areas compared to 0.4% in full IPV areas (p-value < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis supports the fractional dose of IPV in mass campaigns to achieve good vaccination coverage especially using needle-free injectors "PharmaJet Tropis ID" and vigorous social mobilization activities are expedient in accomplishing high coverage.
BACKGROUND: Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV) campaign was conducted in February 2019 in Karachi where needle-free injectors were introduced for the administration of the fractional dose of IPV (fIPV) on a large scale. This study aimed to determine the impact of needle-free injectors on vaccination coverage. METHODS: In four towns of Karachi, fIPV was given using needle-free injectors "PharmaJet Tropis ID". Whereas, in six towns full dose of IPV was administered to children of 4-59 months of age. Cluster surveys through rapid convenience assessment method were conducted after the completion of vaccination activity. RESULTS: A total of 33,815 households' data was analyzed. Among these, 27,650 (82.8%) children were vaccinated. In fIPV areas, 85.3% of children were vaccinated compared to 79.5% in full dose IPV areas. A comparison of reasons for unvaccinated showed that 1.6% of parents do not give importance to vaccination in fIPV areas compared to 4.2% in full IPV areas (p-value < 0.0001). More children were not vaccinated due to fear of injection 1.8% in full IPV areas compared to 0.7% in fIPV areas (p-value < 0.0001). The source of campaign information shows that more frequent mobile miking 3.1% was observed in fIPV areas compared to 0.4% in full IPV areas (p-value < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis supports the fractional dose of IPV in mass campaigns to achieve good vaccination coverage especially using needle-free injectors "PharmaJet Tropis ID" and vigorous social mobilization activities are expedient in accomplishing high coverage.
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