Lars Vedel Kessing1, Simon Christoffer Ziersen2, Per Kragh Andersen2, Maj Vinberg3. 1. Copenhagen Affective disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address: lars.vedel.kessing@regionh.dk. 2. University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biostatistics, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. 3. Copenhagen Affective disorder Research Center (CADIC), Psychiatric Center Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark; Psychiatric Research Unit, Psychiatric Centre North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Patients with bipolar disorder may have increased risk of physical diseases due to genetic and environmental factors, but no study has systematically mapped all physical comorbidities in such subjects. The aim was to map rates of all physical diseases among patients and siblings to patients with bipolar disorder. METHODS: We used Danish nation-wide population-based longitudinal register linkage to identify 19.955 patients with bipolar disorder, their 13.923 siblings and 20 sex, age and calendar matched control individuals from the general population. Follow-up was from 1995 to 2017. RESULTS: Bipolar disorder was associated with increased rates of all physical disease categories compared with rates for control individuals, except for cancer. Further, bipolar disorder was associated with increased rates of separate disorders including ischemic heart disease, diabetes, dementia, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism and infections. In contrast, siblings to patients with bipolar disorder who were unaffected by bipolar disorder had increased rates of certain disorders, only, comprising infectious and parasitic diseases, and diseases of the nervous system, digestive system and genitourinary system. LIMITATIONS: Underdetection of physical disorders is likely because data are not available for persons who do not seek help for their disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Bipolar disorder was associated with increased rates of all physical diseases categories, except cancer, and with separate disorders, likely involving inflammatory components in the pathogenesis. In contrast, unaffected siblings to patients with bipolar disorder had increased rates of certain disorders, only.
BACKGROUND:Patients with bipolar disorder may have increased risk of physical diseases due to genetic and environmental factors, but no study has systematically mapped all physical comorbidities in such subjects. The aim was to map rates of all physical diseases among patients and siblings to patients with bipolar disorder. METHODS: We used Danish nation-wide population-based longitudinal register linkage to identify 19.955 patients with bipolar disorder, their 13.923 siblings and 20 sex, age and calendar matched control individuals from the general population. Follow-up was from 1995 to 2017. RESULTS:Bipolar disorder was associated with increased rates of all physical disease categories compared with rates for control individuals, except for cancer. Further, bipolar disorder was associated with increased rates of separate disorders including ischemicheart disease, diabetes, dementia, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism and infections. In contrast, siblings to patients with bipolar disorder who were unaffected by bipolar disorder had increased rates of certain disorders, only, comprising infectious and parasitic diseases, and diseases of the nervous system, digestive system and genitourinary system. LIMITATIONS: Underdetection of physical disorders is likely because data are not available for persons who do not seek help for their disorders. CONCLUSIONS:Bipolar disorder was associated with increased rates of all physical diseases categories, except cancer, and with separate disorders, likely involving inflammatory components in the pathogenesis. In contrast, unaffected siblings to patients with bipolar disorder had increased rates of certain disorders, only.
Authors: Jon Dyg Sperling; Nina Dalkner; Christina Berndt; Eva Fleischmann; Michaela Ratzenhofer; Julia Martini; Andrea Pfennig; Michael Bauer; Eva Reininghaus; Maj Vinberg Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2021-12-06 Impact factor: 4.157
Authors: Kamilla W Miskowiak; Ida Seeberg; Mette B Jensen; Vicent Balanzá-Martínez; Caterina Del Mar Bonnin; Christopher R Bowie; Andre F Carvalho; Annemieke Dols; Katie Douglas; Peter Gallagher; Gregor Hasler; Beny Lafer; Kathryn E Lewandowski; Carlos López-Jaramillo; Anabel Martinez-Aran; Roger S McIntyre; Richard J Porter; Scot E Purdon; Ayal Schaffer; Paul Stokes; Tomiki Sumiyoshi; Ivan J Torres; Tamsyn E Van Rheenen; Lakshmi N Yatham; Allan H Young; Lars V Kessing; Katherine E Burdick; Eduard Vieta Journal: Bipolar Disord Date: 2022-02-24 Impact factor: 5.345
Authors: Eva Z Reininghaus; Mirko Manchia; Nina Dalkner; Nina Bonkat; Alessio Squassina; Isabel Hodl; Eduard Vieta; Andreas Reif; Tomas Hajek; Mikael Landén; Christoph U Correll; Jan Scott; Bruno Etain; Marcella Rietschel; Veerle Bergink; Monica Martinez-Cengotitabengoa; Lars Vedel Kessing; Andrea Fagiolini; Michael Bauer; Guy Goodwin; Ana Gonzalez-Pinto; Ralph W Kupka; Thomas G Schulze; Trine V Lagerberg; Ayşegül Yildiz; Chantal Henry; Gunnar Morken; Phillip Ritter; René Ernst Nieslen; Rasmus W Licht; Andreas Bechdolf; Ole A Andreassen; Frederike Tabea Fellendorf Journal: Eur Neuropsychopharmacol Date: 2021-09-10 Impact factor: 4.600