Arif Hussain1, Gabriele Via2, Lawrence Melniker3, Alberto Goffi4, Guido Tavazzi5,6, Luca Neri7, Tomas Villen8, Richard Hoppmann9, Francesco Mojoli10, Vicki Noble11, Laurent Zieleskiewicz12, Pablo Blanco13, Irene W Y Ma14, Mahathar Abd Wahab15, Abdulmohsen Alsaawi16, Majid Al Salamah17, Martin Balik18, Diego Barca19, Karim Bendjelid20, Belaid Bouhemad21, Pablo Bravo-Figueroa22, Raoul Breitkreutz23, Juan Calderon24, Jim Connolly25, Roberto Copetti26, Francesco Corradi27, Anthony J Dean28, André Denault29, Deepak Govil30, Carmela Graci31, Young-Rock Ha32, Laura Hurtado33, Toru Kameda34, Michael Lanspa35, Christian B Laursen36, Francis Lee37, Rachel Liu38, Massimiliano Meineri39, Miguel Montorfano40, Peiman Nazerian41, Bret P Nelson42, Aleksandar N Neskovic43, Ramon Nogue44, Adi Osman45, José Pazeli46, Elmo Pereira-Junior47, Tomislav Petrovic48, Emanuele Pivetta49, Jan Poelaert50, Susanna Price51, Gregor Prosen52, Shalim Rodriguez53, Philippe Rola54, Colin Royse55,56, Yale Tung Chen57, Mike Wells58, Adrian Wong59, Wang Xiaoting60, Wang Zhen61, Yaseen Arabi62. 1. Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Abdulaziz Medical City and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. hussain_pscc@hotmail.com. 2. Cardiac Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Cardiocentro Ticino, Lugano, Switzerland. 3. New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, New York, NY, USA. 4. Department of Medicine and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. 5. Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Paediatric Sciences, Unit of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. 6. Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione Istituto Di Ricovero E Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy. 7. Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Consultant, King Fahad Specialist Hospital - Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. 8. School of Medicine, Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid, Spain. 9. University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA. 10. Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università Degli Studi Di Pavia, Pavia, Italy. 11. University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA. 12. Service D'Anesthésie Réanimation Hôpital Nord, APHM, Chemin des Bourrely, 13015, Marseille, France. 13. Department of Teaching and Research, Hospital "Dr. Emilio Ferreyra", Necochea, Argentina. 14. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. 15. Emergency and Trauma Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, 50586, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 16. King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 17. College of Public Health and Health Informatics, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 18. Dept of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, First Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czechia. 19. Médico Ecografista IADT, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 20. Intensive Care Division, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. 21. Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, C.H.U. Dijon and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR866, 21000, Dijon, France. 22. PICU Hospital San Juan de Dios, Santiago, Chile. 23. FOM University of Economy & Management, Frankfurt Campus, Frankfurt, Germany. 24. Hospital General, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, De Zona 4 Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. 25. Great North Trauma and Emergency Care Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. 26. Emergency Department, Latisana General Hospital, Latisana, Italy. 27. Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. 28. University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 29. Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Canada. 30. Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, India. 31. Ospedale Niguarda C' Grande, Milan, Italy. 32. Dept. of Emergency Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng Hospital, Seoul, Korea. 33. WINFOCUS Argentina BOD, Rosario, Argentina. 34. Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine and Department of Emergency Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. 35. Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA. 36. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Research, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. 37. Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. 38. Dept. of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. 39. Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. 40. Department of Ultrasound & Doppler Hospital de Emergencias "Dr. Clemente Alvarez", Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. 41. Department of Emergency Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, Firenze, Italia. 42. Department of Emergency Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine At Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. 43. Clinical Hospital Zemun, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. 44. Faculty of Medecine, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain. 45. Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia. 46. FAME - Medicine School of Barbacena - MG-Brasil, Barbacena, Brazil. 47. Arbo Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 48. SAMU 93 - Hôpital Avicenne, Paris, France. 49. Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. 50. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy VUB, Univ Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium. 51. Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK. 52. Emergency Department, University Clinical Centre Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia. 53. Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru. 54. Santa Cabrini Hospital, Montreal, Canada. 55. Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. 56. Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. 57. Department of Emergency Medicine, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain. 58. Division of Emergency Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. 59. King's College Hospital, London, UK. 60. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China. 61. The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China. 62. King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract
COVID-19 has caused great devastation in the past year. Multi-organ point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) including lung ultrasound (LUS) and focused cardiac ultrasound (FoCUS) as a clinical adjunct has played a significant role in triaging, diagnosis and medical management of COVID-19 patients. The expert panel from 27 countries and 6 continents with considerable experience of direct application of PoCUS on COVID-19 patients presents evidence-based consensus using GRADE methodology for the quality of evidence and an expedited, modified-Delphi process for the strength of expert consensus. The use of ultrasound is suggested in many clinical situations related to respiratory, cardiovascular and thromboembolic aspects of COVID-19, comparing well with other imaging modalities. The limitations due to insufficient data are highlighted as opportunities for future research.
pan class="Disease">COVID-19 has caused great devastation in the past year. Multi-organ point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS) including lung ultrasound (LUS) and focused cardiac ultrasound (FoCUS) as a clinical adjunct has played a significant role in triaging, diagnosis and medical management of span> class="Disease">COVID-19 patients. The expert panel from 27 countries and 6 continents with considerable experience of direct application of PoCUS on COVID-19patients presents evidence-based consensus using GRADE methodology for the quality of evidence and an expedited, modified-Delphi process for the strength of expert consensus. The use of ultrasound is suggested in many clinical situations related to respiratory, cardiovascular and thromboembolic aspects of COVID-19, comparing well with other imaging modalities. The limitations due to insufficient data are highlighted as opportunities for future research.
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