Mehran Baboli1, Jin Zhang1, Sungheon Gene Kim1. 1. Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article is to review recent technical developments and their clinical applications in cancer imaging quantitative measurement of cellular and vascular properties of the tumors. RECENT FINDINGS: Rapid development of fast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technologies over last decade brought new opportunities in quantitative MRI methods to measure both cellular and vascular properties of tumors simultaneously. SUMMARY: Diffusion MRI (dMRI) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI have become widely used to assess the tissue structural and vascular properties, respectively. However, the ultimate potential of these advanced imaging modalities has not been fully exploited. The dependency of dMRI on the diffusion weighting gradient strength and diffusion time can be utilized to measure tumor perfusion, cellular structure, and cellular membrane permeability. Similarly, DCE-MRI can be used to measure vascular and cellular membrane permeability along with cellular compartment volume fractions. To facilitate the understanding of these potentially important methods for quantitative cancer imaging, we discuss the basic concepts and recent developments, as well as future directions for further development.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article is to review recent technical developments and their clinical applications in cancer imaging quantitative measurement of cellular and vascular properties of the tumors. RECENT FINDINGS: Rapid development of fast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technologies over last decade brought new opportunities in quantitative MRI methods to measure both cellular and vascular properties of tumors simultaneously. SUMMARY: Diffusion MRI (dMRI) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI have become widely used to assess the tissue structural and vascular properties, respectively. However, the ultimate potential of these advanced imaging modalities has not been fully exploited. The dependency of dMRI on the diffusion weighting gradient strength and diffusion time can be utilized to measure tumor perfusion, cellular structure, and cellular membrane permeability. Similarly, DCE-MRI can be used to measure vascular and cellular membrane permeability along with cellular compartment volume fractions. To facilitate the understanding of these potentially important methods for quantitative cancer imaging, we discuss the basic concepts and recent developments, as well as future directions for further development.
Entities:
Keywords:
Cancer imaging; DCE-MRI; Diffusion MRI; Microstructure; Perfusion; Water Exchange
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