Reagan L Miller1, Rachel G Lucas-Thompson2, Natalia Sanchez3, Amy D Smith1, Shelly K Annameier1, Milena Casamassima3, Megan Verros3, Christopher Melby4, Sarah A Johnson5, Lauren B Shomaker6. 1. Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America. 2. Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America; Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America. 3. Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America. 4. Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America; Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, United States of America. 5. Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, United States of America. 6. Department of Human Development & Family Studies, College of Health & Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America; Colorado School of Public Health, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America. Electronic address: lauren.shomaker@colostate.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Mindfulness-training may benefit stress response and stress-eating, yet few studies have experimentally tested these effects in adolescents. In this short communication, we report whether a brief mindfulness-induction affected acute stress response and stress-eating in adolescents at-risk for adult obesity. We explored disordered eating as a moderator. METHOD: Twenty-nine adolescents (age 14 ± 2 y) at-risk for adult obesity participated in a within-subjects, randomized crossover experiment. Following a 10-minute mindfulness or neutral-induction on different days in random order, the Trier Social Stress Test adapted for adolescents was administered, followed by an ad libitum lunch meal. Physiological stress response (heart rate, blood pressure) and subjective stress response (anxiety, mindlessness) were determined with area under the curve with respect to increase. Stress-eating was measured as test meal energy consumed. Global disordered-eating and binge-eating were assessed with the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire. RESULTS: Relative to a neutral-induction, a mindfulness-induction reduced state anxiety response (p = .04). There were significant interactions of induction-type by global disordered-eating (p = .02) and binge-eating (p = .03), such that the mindfulness-induction most reduced anxiety response in adolescents with relatively lower global disordered-eating and those with no binge-eating. Induction-type also interacted with binge-eating in predicting diastolic blood pressure (p = .03). A mindfulness-induction, versus neutral-induction, most reduced diastolic blood pressure response in adolescents with binge-eating. CONCLUSIONS: Brief mindfulness-training may alter some aspects of acute stress response, with variations by disordered-eating. Future research should test alternative mindfulness induction-types (e.g., acceptance/self-compassion) to improve our understanding of how mindfulness-training may benefit adolescents at-risk for adult obesity.
BACKGROUND: Mindfulness-training may benefit stress response and stress-eating, yet few studies have experimentally tested these effects in adolescents. In this short communication, we report whether a brief mindfulness-induction affected acute stress response and stress-eating in adolescents at-risk for adult obesity. We explored disordered eating as a moderator. METHOD: Twenty-nine adolescents (age 14 ± 2 y) at-risk for adult obesity participated in a within-subjects, randomized crossover experiment. Following a 10-minute mindfulness or neutral-induction on different days in random order, the Trier Social Stress Test adapted for adolescents was administered, followed by an ad libitum lunch meal. Physiological stress response (heart rate, blood pressure) and subjective stress response (anxiety, mindlessness) were determined with area under the curve with respect to increase. Stress-eating was measured as test meal energy consumed. Global disordered-eating and binge-eating were assessed with the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire. RESULTS: Relative to a neutral-induction, a mindfulness-induction reduced state anxiety response (p = .04). There were significant interactions of induction-type by global disordered-eating (p = .02) and binge-eating (p = .03), such that the mindfulness-induction most reduced anxiety response in adolescents with relatively lower global disordered-eating and those with no binge-eating. Induction-type also interacted with binge-eating in predicting diastolic blood pressure (p = .03). A mindfulness-induction, versus neutral-induction, most reduced diastolic blood pressure response in adolescents with binge-eating. CONCLUSIONS: Brief mindfulness-training may alter some aspects of acute stress response, with variations by disordered-eating. Future research should test alternative mindfulness induction-types (e.g., acceptance/self-compassion) to improve our understanding of how mindfulness-training may benefit adolescents at-risk for adult obesity.
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