Emily A Mankin1, Zahra M Aghajan2, Peter Schuette3, Michelle E Tran1, Natalia Tchemodanov1, Ali Titiz1, Güldamla Kalender1, Dawn Eliashiv4, John Stern4, Shennan A Weiss4, Dylan Kirsch2, Barbara Knowlton5, Itzhak Fried6, Nanthia Suthana7. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 300 Stein Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. 2. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. 3. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. 4. Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. 5. Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 502 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. 6. Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 300 Stein Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Functional Neurosurgery Unit, Tel-Aviv Medical Center and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, P.O.B 39040 Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel. 7. Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 300 Stein Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 502 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. Electronic address: nanthia@ucla.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: While deep brain stimulation has been successful in treating movement disorders, such as in Parkinson's disease, its potential application in alleviating memory disorders is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: We investigated the role of the location of the stimulating electrode on memory improvement and hypothesized that entorhinal white versus gray matter stimulation would have differential effects on memory. METHODS: Intracranial electrical stimulation was applied to the entorhinal area of twenty-two participants with already implanted electrodes as they completed visual memory tasks. RESULTS: We found that stimulation of right entorhinal white matter during learning had a beneficial effect on subsequent memory, while stimulation of adjacent gray matter or left-sided stimulation was ineffective. This finding was consistent across three different visually guided memory tasks. CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlight the importance of precise stimulation site on modulation of human hippocampal-dependent memory and suggest that stimulation of afferent input into the right hippocampus may be an especially promising target for enhancement of visual memory.
BACKGROUND: While deep brain stimulation has been successful in treating movement disorders, such as in Parkinson's disease, its potential application in alleviating memory disorders is inconclusive. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: We investigated the role of the location of the stimulating electrode on memory improvement and hypothesized that entorhinal white versus gray matter stimulation would have differential effects on memory. METHODS: Intracranial electrical stimulation was applied to the entorhinal area of twenty-two participants with already implanted electrodes as they completed visual memory tasks. RESULTS: We found that stimulation of right entorhinal white matter during learning had a beneficial effect on subsequent memory, while stimulation of adjacent gray matter or left-sided stimulation was ineffective. This finding was consistent across three different visually guided memory tasks. CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlight the importance of precise stimulation site on modulation of human hippocampal-dependent memory and suggest that stimulation of afferent input into the right hippocampus may be an especially promising target for enhancement of visual memory.
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