Yura Loscalzo1, Cristian Nannicini2, I-Ting Huai-Ching Liu3, Marco Giannini1. 1. Department of Health Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. 2. Licensed Psychologist, Arezzo, Italy. 3. Kyoto University, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Yoshida-nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hikikomori, a clinical condition widely studied in Japan, is receiving increasing attention in Western Countries. AIMS: This study aimed to create a new instrument for evaluating the risk of Hikikomori in both Eastern and Western countries. METHODS: Through two studies on Italian adolescents, youths, and adults (n = 1,285) and a study on Japanese youths and adults (n = 392), we analyzed the psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24). RESULTS: We found support, in both the Italian and Japanese samples, for the good and stable factor structure of the scale (CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.057 for both the adult samples), as well as for its convergent and divergent validity. CONCLUSIONS: The HRI-24 might be used in future studies in both Western and Eastern countries to shed light on the features of this clinical disorder in different cultures. This will allow the development of culture-sensitive preventive and clinical interventions.
BACKGROUND: Hikikomori, a clinical condition widely studied in Japan, is receiving increasing attention in Western Countries. AIMS: This study aimed to create a new instrument for evaluating the risk of Hikikomori in both Eastern and Western countries. METHODS: Through two studies on Italian adolescents, youths, and adults (n = 1,285) and a study on Japanese youths and adults (n = 392), we analyzed the psychometric properties of the Hikikomori Risk Inventory (HRI-24). RESULTS: We found support, in both the Italian and Japanese samples, for the good and stable factor structure of the scale (CFI = 0.94, RMSEA = 0.057 for both the adult samples), as well as for its convergent and divergent validity. CONCLUSIONS: The HRI-24 might be used in future studies in both Western and Eastern countries to shed light on the features of this clinical disorder in different cultures. This will allow the development of culture-sensitive preventive and clinical interventions.
Entities:
Keywords:
Adolescents; Hikikomori; social isolation; social withdrawal; youths