Stephanie L Rolsma1, Danielle A Rankin1,2, Zaid Haddadin1, Lubna Hamdan1, Herdi K Rahman1, Samir Faouri3, Asem Shehabi4, John V Williams5, Najwa Khuri-Bulos6, Natasha B Halasa1,7. 1. Departments of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. 2. Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Al Bashir Hospital, Amman, Jordan. 4. Department Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, Jordan University, Amman, Jordan. 5. Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. 6. Department of Pediatrics, Jordan University, Amman, Jordan. 7. Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The disease burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations among children in Jordan is not well established. We aimed to characterize hospitalizations attributed to influenza in a pediatric population. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study from our viral surveillance cohort in children under 2 years hospitalized with acute respiratory symptoms and/or fever from March 2010 to March 2013. We collected demographic and clinical characteristics, and calculated the frequency of children who met the severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) criteria. Nasal specimens were tested using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect influenza A, B, or C. Further subtyping for influenza A-positive isolates was conducted. RESULTS: Of the 3168 children enrolled in our study, 119 (4%) were influenza-positive. Influenza types and subtypes varied by season but were predominantly detected between December and February. Codetection of multiple respiratory pathogens was identified in 58% of children with the majority occurring among those <6 months. Bronchopneumonia and rule-out sepsis were the most common admission diagnoses, with influenza A accounting for over 2/3 of children with a rule-out sepsis admission status. One-third of children under 6 months compared to 3/4 of children 6-23 months met the SARI criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza was an important cause of acute respiratory illness in children under 2 years. Children <6 months had the highest burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and were less likely to meet the SARI global surveillance case definition. Additional surveillance is needed in the Middle East to determine the true influenza burden on a global scale.
BACKGROUND: The disease burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations among children in Jordan is not well established. We aimed to characterize hospitalizations attributed to influenza in a pediatric population. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study from our viral surveillance cohort in children under 2 years hospitalized with acute respiratory symptoms and/or fever from March 2010 to March 2013. We collected demographic and clinical characteristics, and calculated the frequency of children who met the severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) criteria. Nasal specimens were tested using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction to detect influenza A, B, or C. Further subtyping for influenza A-positive isolates was conducted. RESULTS: Of the 3168 children enrolled in our study, 119 (4%) were influenza-positive. Influenza types and subtypes varied by season but were predominantly detected between December and February. Codetection of multiple respiratory pathogens was identified in 58% of children with the majority occurring among those <6 months. Bronchopneumonia and rule-out sepsis were the most common admission diagnoses, with influenza A accounting for over 2/3 of children with a rule-out sepsis admission status. One-third of children under 6 months compared to 3/4 of children 6-23 months met the SARI criteria. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza was an important cause of acute respiratory illness in children under 2 years. Children <6 months had the highest burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and were less likely to meet the SARI global surveillance case definition. Additional surveillance is needed in the Middle East to determine the true influenza burden on a global scale.
Keywords:
acute respiratory infections in MENA children; influenza MENA region; influenza in Jordanian children; influenza in the Middle East; influenza seasonality
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