Zhanhong Hao1, Keke Li2, Ye Sha1, Entao Wang3, Xinhua Sui2, Guohua Mi1, Changfu Tian2, Wenxin Chen2. 1. Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China. 2. State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China. 3. Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico D.F., 11340, Mexico.
Abstract
Conservation tillage in conjunction with straw mulching is a sustainable agricultural approach. However, straw mulching reduces the soil temperature, inhibits early maize growth and reduces grain yield in cold regions. To address this problem, we investigated the effects of inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on maize growth and rhizosphere microbial communities under conservation tillage in Northeast China. The PGPR strains Sinorhizobium sp. A15, Bacillus sp. A28, Sphingomonas sp. A55 and Enterobacter sp. P24 were isolated from the maize rhizosphere in the same area and inoculated separately. Inoculation of these strains significantly enhanced maize growth, and the strains A15, A28 and A55 significantly increased grain yield by as much as 22%-29%. Real-time quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing showed that separate inoculation with the four strains increased the abundance and species richness of bacteria in the maize rhizosphere. Notably, the relative abundance of Acidobacteria_Subgroup_6, Chloroflexi_KD4-96, and Verrucomicrobiae at the class level and Mucilaginibacter at the genus level were positively correlated with maize biomass and yield. Inoculation with PGPR shows potential for improvement of maize production under conservation tillage in cold regions by regulating the rhizosphere bacterial community structure and by direct stimulation of plant growth.
Conservation tillage in conjunction with straw mulching is a sustainable agricultural approach. However, straw mulching reduces the soil temperature, inhibits early n class="Species">maize growth and reduces grainpan> yield inpan> cold regionpan>s. To address this problem, we inpan>vestigated the effects of inpan>oculationpan> of plant growth-promotinpan>g rhizobacteria (PGPR) onpan> n class="Species">maize growth and rhizosphere microbial communities under conservation tillage in Northeast China. The PGPR strains Sinorhizobium sp. A15, Bacillus sp. A28, Sphingomonas sp. A55 and Enterobacter sp. P24 were isolated from the maize rhizosphere in the same area and inoculated separately. Inoculation of these strains significantly enhanced maize growth, and the strains A15, A28 and A55 significantly increased grain yield by as much as 22%-29%. Real-time quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing showed that separate inoculation with the four strains increased the abundance and species richness of bacteria in the maize rhizosphere. Notably, the relative abundance of Acidobacteria_Subgroup_6, Chloroflexi_KD4-96, and Verrucomicrobiae at the class level and Mucilaginibacter at the genus level were positively correlated with maize biomass and yield. Inoculation with PGPR shows potential for improvement of maize production under conservation tillage in cold regions by regulating the rhizosphere bacterial community structure and by direct stimulation of plant growth.
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