Charlotte C Currie1, Richard Ohrbach2, Reny De Leeuw3, Heli Forssell4, Yoshiki Imamura5, Satu K Jääskeläinen6, Michail Koutris7, Cibele Nasri-Heir8, Tan Huann9, Tara Renton9, Peter Svensson10, Justin Durham1. 1. School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. 2. School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA. 3. College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. 4. Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. 5. Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan. 6. Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Finland. 7. Department of Orofacial pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 8. Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, NJ, USA. 9. King's College London Dental Institute, London, UK. 10. Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To develop a beta version of a preliminary set of empirically derived research diagnostic criteria (RDC) for burning mouth syndrome (BMS) through expert consensus, which can then be taken into a test period before publication of a final RDC/BMS. DESIGN: A 6 round Delphi process with twelve experts in the field of BMS was used. The first round formed a focus group during which the purpose of the RDC and the definition of BMS was agreed upon, as well as the structure and contents. The remaining rounds were carried out virtually via email to achieve a consensus of the beta version of the RDC/BMS. RESULTS: The definition of BMS was agreed to be 'an intraoral burning or dysaesthetic sensation, recurring daily for more than 2 hours per day over more than 3 months, without evident causative lesions on clinical examination and investigation'. The RDC was based upon the already developed and validated RDC/TMD and formed three main parts: patient self-report; examination; and psychosocial self-report. A fourth additional part was also developed listing aspirational biomarkers which could be used as part of the BMS diagnosis where available, or to inform future research. CONCLUSION: This Delphi process has created a beta version of an RDC for use with BMS. This will allow future clinical research within BMS to be carried out to a higher standard, ensuring only patients with true BMS are included. Further validation studies will be required alongside refinement of the RDC as trialling progresses.
OBJECTIVE: To develop a beta version of a preliminary set of empirically derived research diagnostic criteria (RDC) for burning mouth syndrome (BMS) through expert consensus, which can then be taken into a test period before publication of a final RDC/BMS. DESIGN: A 6 round Delphi process with twelve experts in the field of BMS was used. The first round formed a focus group during which the purpose of the RDC and the definition of BMS was agreed upon, as well as the structure and contents. The remaining rounds were carried out virtually via email to achieve a consensus of the beta version of the RDC/BMS. RESULTS: The definition of BMS was agreed to be 'an intraoral burning or dysaesthetic sensation, recurring daily for more than 2 hours per day over more than 3 months, without evident causative lesions on clinical examination and investigation'. The RDC was based upon the already developed and validated RDC/TMD and formed three main parts: patient self-report; examination; and psychosocial self-report. A fourth additional part was also developed listing aspirational biomarkers which could be used as part of the BMS diagnosis where available, or to inform future research. CONCLUSION: This Delphi process has created a beta version of an RDC for use with BMS. This will allow future clinical research within BMS to be carried out to a higher standard, ensuring only patients with true BMS are included. Further validation studies will be required alongside refinement of the RDC as trialling progresses.
Authors: Milda Chmieliauskaite; Elisabeth A Stelson; Joel B Epstein; Gary D Klasser; Arwa Farag; Barbara Carey; Rui Albuquerque; Lina Mejia; Anura Ariyawardana; Cibele Nasri-Heir; Andrea Sardella; Charles Carlson; Craig S Miller Journal: Pain Date: 2021-10-01 Impact factor: 6.961
Authors: Milda Chmieliauskaite; Elisabeth A Stelson; Joel B Epstein; Gary D Klasser; Arwa Farag; Barbara Carey; Rui Albuquerque; Lina Mejia; Anura Ariyawardana; Cibele Nasri-Heir; Andrea Sardella; Charles Carlson; Craig S Miller Journal: Pain Date: 2022-05-01 Impact factor: 7.926