Isolation and expression of the gene encoding yeast mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase.

The mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme malate dehydrogenase was purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and an antibody to the purified enzyme was obtained in rabbits. Immunoscreening of a yeast genomic DNA library cloned into a lambda gt11 expression vector with anti-malate dehydrogenase immunoglobulin G resulted in identification of a lambda recombinant encoding an immunoreactive beta-galactosidase fusion protein. The yeast DNA portion of the coding region for the fusion protein translates into an amino acid sequence which is very similar to carboxy-terminal sequences of malate dehydrogenases from other organisms. In s. cerevisiae transformed with a multicopy plasmid carrying the complete malate dehydrogenase gene, the specific activity and immunoreactivity of the mitochondrial isozyme are increased by eightfold. Expression of both the chromosomal and plasmid-borne genes is repressed by growth on glucose. Disruption of the chromosomal malate dehydrogenase gene in haploid S. cerevisiae produces mutants unable to grow on acetate and impaired in growth on glycerol plus lactate as carbon sources.