Yonggui Song1, Baixi Shan2, Sufen Zeng1, Jie Zhang1, Chen Jin1, Zhou Liao1, Tingting Wang1, Qiang Zeng1, Hongwei He1, Fengqin Wei3, Zhifu Ai4, Dan Su5. 1. Laboratory Animal Science and Technology Center, College of Pharmacy, College of Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330004, PR China. 2. Laboratory Animal Science and Technology Center, College of Pharmacy, College of Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330004, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, PR China. 3. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital Group, 1 Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, 266011, PR China. 4. Laboratory Animal Science and Technology Center, College of Pharmacy, College of Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330004, PR China. Electronic address: aizhifu1668@163.com. 5. Laboratory Animal Science and Technology Center, College of Pharmacy, College of Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang, 330004, PR China. Electronic address: sud94@aliyun.com.
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: In traditional Chinese medicine, the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (SC) is used to treat various nervous system diseases, such as dysphoria, anxiety, insomnia and many dreams. It is worthy to be noted that wine processed Schisandra chinensis (WSC) has been applied in clinic for thousands of years. AIM OF STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the possible mechanism and related metabolism of SC and WSC ameliorating anxiety behavior through modulating gut microbiota. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) was used for the quality control of chemical components in SC and WSC. Chronic unpredictable stress procedure (CUSP)-induced anxiety rats were administrated with SC and WSC via gavage for five weeks. An untargeted UPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap MS metabolomic analysis of plasma was conducted to understand the effects of long-term intake of WSC and SC extracts on anxious rats. 16S rRNA microbial sequencing technology was applied to investigate gut microbiota structure. Expression of GPR81, TNF-α, S1PR2 as well as molecules in cAMP pathway was assayed by immunohistochemistry staining, RT-qPCR, or Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: 12 compounds were identified using UPLC-QTOF-MS technology, all of which are lignans. Results demonstrate that the amounts of 6-O-Benzoylgomisin O, Schisandrin, Gomisin D, Schizandrin A, Gomisin T, Schizandrin B, Schisandrin C were higher in wine-processed samples than in raw samples. Furthermore, both SC and WSC significantly ameliorated anxiety- and depression-like behavior and lipid metabolism dysfunction and attenuated hippocampal neuritis in anxiety rats. After WSC treatment, the structure and composition of gut microbiota in anxiety rats changed significantly, and gut microbiota derivatives lactate level was significantly lower in the plasma and feces. WSC treatment help restore gut microbial ecosystem dysbiosis and reverse the changes in Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillus, Alloprevotella, and Bacteroidales in anxiety rat. In addition, the expression of liver GPR81 was decreased, and the molecules in cAMP pathway were increased in SC and WSC-treated anxiety rat. CONCLUSION: Raw and wine processed Schisandra chinensis treatment improved anxiety- and depression-like behavior through modulating gut microbiota derivatives in association with GPR81 receptor-mediated lipid metabolism pathway. And WSC has more exhibition than SC.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: In traditional Chinese medicine, the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (SC) is used to treat various nervous system diseases, such as dysphoria, anxiety, insomnia and many dreams. It is worthy to be noted that wine processed Schisandra chinensis (WSC) has been applied in clinic for thousands of years. AIM OF STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the possible mechanism and related metabolism of SC and WSC ameliorating anxiety behavior through modulating gut microbiota. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) was used for the quality control of chemical components in SC and WSC. Chronic unpredictable stress procedure (CUSP)-induced anxietyrats were administrated with SC and WSC via gavage for five weeks. An untargeted UPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap MS metabolomic analysis of plasma was conducted to understand the effects of long-term intake of WSC and SC extracts on anxious rats. 16S rRNA microbial sequencing technology was applied to investigate gut microbiota structure. Expression of GPR81, TNF-α, S1PR2 as well as molecules in cAMP pathway was assayed by immunohistochemistry staining, RT-qPCR, or Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: 12 compounds were identified using UPLC-QTOF-MS technology, all of which are lignans. Results demonstrate that the amounts of 6-O-Benzoylgomisin O, Schisandrin, Gomisin D, Schizandrin A, Gomisin T, Schizandrin B, Schisandrin C were higher in wine-processed samples than in raw samples. Furthermore, both SC and WSC significantly ameliorated anxiety- and depression-like behavior and lipid metabolism dysfunction and attenuated hippocampal neuritis in anxietyrats. After WSC treatment, the structure and composition of gut microbiota in anxietyrats changed significantly, and gut microbiota derivatives lactate level was significantly lower in the plasma and feces. WSC treatment help restore gut microbial ecosystem dysbiosis and reverse the changes in Lachnospiraceae, Lactobacillus, Alloprevotella, and Bacteroidales in anxietyrat. In addition, the expression of liver GPR81 was decreased, and the molecules in cAMP pathway were increased in SC and WSC-treated anxietyrat. CONCLUSION: Raw and wine processed Schisandra chinensis treatment improved anxiety- and depression-like behavior through modulating gut microbiota derivatives in association with GPR81 receptor-mediated lipid metabolism pathway. And WSC has more exhibition than SC.
Authors: Alice Senizza; Gabriele Rocchetti; Juana I Mosele; Vania Patrone; Maria Luisa Callegari; Lorenzo Morelli; Luigi Lucini Journal: Molecules Date: 2020-12-03 Impact factor: 4.411