Onnida Wattanarat1,2, Areerat Nirunsittirat2,3, Supatcharin Piwat4,5, Chanika Manmontri1,2, Rawee Teanpaisan5,6, Nuntiya Pahumunto5,6, Anupong Makeudom2, Thanapat Sastraruji2, Suttichai Krisanaprakornkit7,8. 1. Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. 2. Center of Excellence in Oral and Maxillofacial Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. 3. Division of Community Dentistry, Department of Family and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. 4. Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand. 5. Common Oral Diseases and Epidemiology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand. 6. Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand. 7. Center of Excellence in Oral and Maxillofacial Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. suttichai.k@cmu.ac.th. 8. Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. suttichai.k@cmu.ac.th.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To determine salivary human neutrophil peptides 1-3 (HNP1-3) levels in caries-free preschool children and in those with early childhood caries (ECC) or severe-ECC, in a daily probiotic group, receivingreconstituted milk with the probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei SD1 once daily; a triweekly probiotic group, receiving the probiotic milk 3 days a week; and a placebo group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Oral examination and unstimulated whole saliva collection were conducted in 354 children at baseline, 6 months after intervention (T6), and after probiotic discontinuation (T12). Of the 354, adequate volume of saliva samples from 268 children were simultaneously analyzed for Streptococcus mutans and total lactobacilli levels using qPCR and for HNP1-3 levels using ELISA. RESULTS: In the severe-ECC status, significant increases in the median HNP1-3 levels at T12 were found in both daily and triweekly probiotic groups (p < 0.001). The median S. mutans levels in the daily group were significantly decreased at T6 and T12 (p < 0.01), whereas the median total lactobacilli levels were significantly increased at T6 (p < 0.001). Significantly inverse correlations between altered HNP1-3 and S. mutans levels and significant decreases in caries progression were found in both probiotic groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the severe-ECC status, daily or triweekly consumption of L. paracasei SD1 significantly enhanced salivary HNP1-3 levels, but reduced S. mutans levels, possibly resulting in reduction of caries progression. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Significant enhancement of salivary HNP1-3 levels by probiotic consumption is associated with reduction in S. mutans levels, consistent with diminished caries progression in children with severe-ECC.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: To determine salivary humanneutrophil peptides 1-3 (HNP1-3) levels in caries-free preschool children and in those with early childhood caries (ECC) or severe-ECC, in a daily probiotic group, receiving reconstituted milk with the probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei SD1 once daily; a triweekly probiotic group, receiving the probiotic milk 3 days a week; and a placebo group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Oral examination and unstimulated whole saliva collection were conducted in 354 children at baseline, 6 months after intervention (T6), and after probiotic discontinuation (T12). Of the 354, adequate volume of saliva samples from 268 children were simultaneously analyzed for Streptococcus mutans and total lactobacilli levels using qPCR and for HNP1-3 levels using ELISA. RESULTS: In the severe-ECC status, significant increases in the median HNP1-3 levels at T12 were found in both daily and triweekly probiotic groups (p < 0.001). The median S. mutans levels in the daily group were significantly decreased at T6 and T12 (p < 0.01), whereas the median total lactobacilli levels were significantly increased at T6 (p < 0.001). Significantly inverse correlations between altered HNP1-3 and S. mutans levels and significant decreases in caries progression were found in both probiotic groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In the severe-ECC status, daily or triweekly consumption of L. paracasei SD1 significantly enhanced salivary HNP1-3 levels, but reduced S. mutans levels, possibly resulting in reduction of caries progression. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Significant enhancement of salivary HNP1-3 levels by probiotic consumption is associated with reduction in S. mutans levels, consistent with diminished caries progression in children with severe-ECC.
Entities:
Keywords:
Alpha-defensins; Early childhood caries; Human neutrophil peptides; Lactobacillus paracasei SD1; Probiotics; Saliva
Authors: Prathip Phantumvanit; Yuka Makino; Hiroshi Ogawa; Andrew Rugg-Gunn; Paula Moynihan; Poul Erik Petersen; Wendell Evans; Carlos Alberto Feldens; Edward Lo; Mohammad H Khoshnevisan; Ramon Baez; Benoit Varenne; Tippanart Vichayanrat; Yupin Songpaisan; Margaret Woodward; Siriruk Nakornchai; Chantana Ungchusak Journal: Community Dent Oral Epidemiol Date: 2018-01-30 Impact factor: 3.383