Margaret Meether1, Cathy Niles Bush2,3, Marinthea Richter4, Roberta Pineda1,4,5. 1. Washington University Program in Occupational Therapy, St. Louis, MO, USA. 2. Synova Associates, LLC, Milwaukee, WI, USA. 3. Tarry Medical Products, Danbury, CT, USA. 4. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern CA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 5. Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Abstract
AIM: To describe neurodevelopmental outcomes during early childhood among infants born very preterm and define the relationships between neurobehaviour of very preterm infants and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 4 years. METHODS: Forty-eight infants born ≤32 weeks gestation had neurobehaviour assessed at term equivalent age using the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS). Outcomes at 4 years were assessed with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3), the Sensory Profile-Short Form (SF) and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool version (BRIEF-P). RESULTS: At 4 years, 23 (48%) children had at least one below average score on the ASQ-3, 15 (31%) had a below average total score on the Sensory Profile-SF, and 3 (6%) had an abnormal total score on the BRIEF-P. Children with lower fine motor scores at 4 years had poorer orientation (P = 0.03) and self-regulation (P =0.03), hypertonia (P = 0.01), and more sub-optimal reflexes (P = 0.02) as neonates. Children with lower gross motor scores at 4 years of age had more sub-optimal reflexes (P = 0.03) and lethargy (P = 0.046) as neonates. Children with tactile sensitivity at 4 years of age had poorer orientation (P = 0.01) and tolerance of handling (P = 0.03) as neonates. Children with decreased responsiveness at 4 years of age had low arousal (P = 0.02) as neonates, and those with poor auditory filtering at age 4 years had hypotonia (P = 0.03) as neonates. CONCLUSION: Early neurobehaviour is related to neurodevelopmental outcome in early childhood.
AIM: To describe neurodevelopmental outcomes during early childhood among infants born very preterm and define the relationships between neurobehaviour of very preterm infants and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 4 years. METHODS: Forty-eight infants born ≤32 weeks gestation had neurobehaviour assessed at term equivalent age using the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS). Outcomes at 4 years were assessed with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3), the Sensory Profile-Short Form (SF) and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool version (BRIEF-P). RESULTS: At 4 years, 23 (48%) children had at least one below average score on the ASQ-3, 15 (31%) had a below average total score on the Sensory Profile-SF, and 3 (6%) had an abnormal total score on the BRIEF-P. Children with lower fine motor scores at 4 years had poorer orientation (P = 0.03) and self-regulation (P =0.03), hypertonia (P = 0.01), and more sub-optimal reflexes (P = 0.02) as neonates. Children with lower gross motor scores at 4 years of age had more sub-optimal reflexes (P = 0.03) and lethargy (P = 0.046) as neonates. Children with tactile sensitivity at 4 years of age had poorer orientation (P = 0.01) and tolerance of handling (P = 0.03) as neonates. Children with decreased responsiveness at 4 years of age had low arousal (P = 0.02) as neonates, and those with poor auditory filtering at age 4 years had hypotonia (P = 0.03) as neonates. CONCLUSION: Early neurobehaviour is related to neurodevelopmental outcome in early childhood.
Authors: Philip David Zelazo; Ulrich Müller; Douglas Frye; Stuart Marcovitch; Gina Argitis; Janet Boseovski; Jackie K Chiang; Donaya Hongwanishkul; Barbara V Schuster; Alexandra Sutherland Journal: Monogr Soc Res Child Dev Date: 2003
Authors: Lianne J Woodward; Peter J Anderson; Nicola C Austin; Kelly Howard; Terrie E Inder Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2006-08-17 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: M J K de Kleine; A L den Ouden; L A A Kollée; M W G Nijhuis-van der Sanden; M Sondaar; B J M van Kessel-Feddema; S Knuijt; A L van Baar; A Ilsen; R Breur-Pieterse; J M Briët; R Brand; S P Verloove-Vanhorick Journal: Arch Dis Child Date: 2003-10 Impact factor: 3.791