Philip D Knollman1,2, Christine H Heubi1,2,3, Susan Wiley4,5, David F Smith1,2,3, Sally R Shott1,2, Stacey L Ishman1,2,3, Jareen Meinzen-Derr5,6. 1. Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. 2. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. 3. Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. 4. Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. 5. Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. 6. Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with Down syndrome who did and did not receive polysomnography to evaluate for obstructive sleep apnea after publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics' guidelines recommending universal screening by age 4 years. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Single tertiary pediatric hospital. METHODS: Review was conducted of children with Down syndrome born between 2007 and 2012. Children who obtained polysomnography were compared with children who did not, regarding demographic data, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities. RESULTS: We included 460 children with Down syndrome; 273 (59.3%) received at least 1 polysomnogram, with a median age of 3.6 years (range, 0.1-8.9 years). There was no difference in the distribution of sex, insurance status, or socioeconomic status between children who received polysomnography and those who did not. There was a significant difference in race distribution (P = .0004) and distance from home to the medical center (P < .0001) between groups. Among multiple medical comorbidities, only children with a history of hypothyroidism (P = .003) or pulmonary aspiration (P = .01) were significantly more likely to have obtained polysomnography. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, 60% of children with Down syndrome obtained a polysomnogram. There was no difference between groups by payer status or socioeconomic status. A significant difference in race distribution was noted. Proximity to the medical center and increased medical need appear to be associated with increased likelihood of obtaining a polysomnogram. This study illustrates the need for improvement initiatives to increase the proportion of patients receiving guideline-based screening.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with Down syndrome who did and did not receive polysomnography to evaluate for obstructive sleep apnea after publication of the American Academy of Pediatrics' guidelines recommending universal screening by age 4 years. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Single tertiary pediatric hospital. METHODS: Review was conducted of children with Down syndrome born between 2007 and 2012. Children who obtained polysomnography were compared with children who did not, regarding demographic data, socioeconomic status, and comorbidities. RESULTS: We included 460 children with Down syndrome; 273 (59.3%) received at least 1 polysomnogram, with a median age of 3.6 years (range, 0.1-8.9 years). There was no difference in the distribution of sex, insurance status, or socioeconomic status between children who received polysomnography and those who did not. There was a significant difference in race distribution (P = .0004) and distance from home to the medical center (P < .0001) between groups. Among multiple medical comorbidities, only children with a history of hypothyroidism (P = .003) or pulmonary aspiration (P = .01) were significantly more likely to have obtained polysomnography. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, 60% of children with Down syndrome obtained a polysomnogram. There was no difference between groups by payer status or socioeconomic status. A significant difference in race distribution was noted. Proximity to the medical center and increased medical need appear to be associated with increased likelihood of obtaining a polysomnogram. This study illustrates the need for improvement initiatives to increase the proportion of patients receiving guideline-based screening.
Entities:
Keywords:
Down syndrome; birth cohort; disparities; obstructive sleep apnea; polysomnography; sleep study
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