Jonas F Schiemer1, Karen Stumm2, Karin H Somerlik-Fuchs3, Klaus-Peter Hoffmann4, Jan Baumgart2, Werner Kneist5,6. 1. Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. 2. Translational Animal Research Center, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. 3. Department of Research and Development, inomed Medizintechnik GmbH, Emmendingen, Germany. 4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering, St. Ingbert, Germany. 5. Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany, w.kneist@t-online.de. 6. Department of General and Visceral Surgery, St. Georg Hospital Eisenach gGmbH, Eisenach, Germany, w.kneist@t-online.de.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Electrical stimulation (ES) of several gastrointestinal (GI) segments is a promising therapeutic option for multilocular GI dysmotility, but conventional surgical access by laparotomy involves a high degree of tissue trauma. We evaluated a minimally invasive surgical approach using a robotic surgical system to perform electromyographic (EMG) recordings and ES of several porcine GI segments, comparing these data to an open surgical approach by laparotomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 5 acute porcine experiments, we placed multiple electrodes on the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon. Three experiments were performed with a median laparotomy and 2 others using a robotic platform. Multichannel EMGs were recorded, and ES was sequentially delivered with 4 ES parameters to the 5 target segments. We calculated pre- and poststimulatory spikes per minute (Spm) and performed a statistical Poisson analysis. RESULTS: Electrode placement was achieved in all cases without complications. Increased technical and implantation time were required to achieve the robotic electrode placement, but invasiveness was markedly reduced in comparison to the conventional approach. The highest calculated (c)Spm values were found in the poststimulatory period of the small bowel with both the conventional and robotic approaches. Six of the 20 Poisson test results in the open setup reached statistical significance and 12 were significant in the robotic experiments. CONCLUSIONS: The robotic setup was less invasive, revealed more consistent effects of multilocular ES in several GI segments, and is a promising option for future preclinical and clinical studies of GI motility disorders. The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.
BACKGROUND: Electrical stimulation (ES) of several gastrointestinal (GI) segments is a promising therapeutic option for multilocular GI dysmotility, but conventional surgical access by laparotomy involves a high degree of tissue trauma. We evaluated a minimally invasive surgical approach using a robotic surgical system to perform electromyographic (EMG) recordings and ES of several porcine GI segments, comparing these data to an open surgical approach by laparotomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 5 acute porcine experiments, we placed multiple electrodes on the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon. Three experiments were performed with a median laparotomy and 2 others using a robotic platform. Multichannel EMGs were recorded, and ES was sequentially delivered with 4 ES parameters to the 5 target segments. We calculated pre- and poststimulatory spikes per minute (Spm) and performed a statistical Poisson analysis. RESULTS: Electrode placement was achieved in all cases without complications. Increased technical and implantation time were required to achieve the robotic electrode placement, but invasiveness was markedly reduced in comparison to the conventional approach. The highest calculated (c)Spm values were found in the poststimulatory period of the small bowel with both the conventional and robotic approaches. Six of the 20 Poisson test results in the open setup reached statistical significance and 12 were significant in the robotic experiments. CONCLUSIONS: The robotic setup was less invasive, revealed more consistent effects of multilocular ES in several GI segments, and is a promising option for future preclinical and clinical studies of GI motility disorders. The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.
Authors: Gregory O'Grady; Tim H-H Wang; Peng Du; Tim Angeli; Wim J E P Lammers; Leo K Cheng Journal: Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol Date: 2014-10 Impact factor: 2.557