OBJECTIVES: To describe the burden, epidemiology and outcomes of co-infections and superinfections occurring in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: We performed an observational cohort study of all consecutive patients admitted for ≥48 hours to the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona for COVID-19 (28 February to 22 April 2020) who were discharged or dead. We describe demographic, epidemiologic, laboratory and microbiologic results, as well as outcome data retrieved from electronic health records. RESULTS: Of a total of 989 consecutive patients with COVID-19, 72 (7.2%) had 88 other microbiologically confirmed infections: 74 were bacterial, seven fungal and seven viral. Community-acquired co-infection at COVID-19 diagnosis was uncommon (31/989, 3.1%) and mainly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 51 hospital-acquired bacterial superinfections, mostly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, were diagnosed in 43 patients (4.7%), with a mean (SD) time from hospital admission to superinfection diagnosis of 10.6 (6.6) days. Overall mortality was 9.8% (97/989). Patients with community-acquired co-infections and hospital-acquired superinfections had worse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Co-infection at COVID-19 diagnosis is uncommon. Few patients developed superinfections during hospitalization. These findings are different compared to those of other viral pandemics. As it relates to hospitalized patients with COVID-19, such findings could prove essential in defining the role of empiric antimicrobial therapy or stewardship strategies.
OBJECTIVES: To describe the burden, epidemiology and outcomes of co-infections and superinfections occurring in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: We performed an observational cohort study of all consecutive patients admitted for ≥48 hours to the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona for COVID-19 (28 February to 22 April 2020) who were discharged or dead. We describe demographic, epidemiologic, laboratory and microbiologic results, as well as outcome data retrieved from electronic health records. RESULTS: Of a total of 989 consecutive patients with COVID-19, 72 (7.2%) had 88 other microbiologically confirmed infections: 74 were bacterial, seven fungal and seven viral. Community-acquired co-infection at COVID-19 diagnosis was uncommon (31/989, 3.1%) and mainly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. A total of 51 hospital-acquired bacterial superinfections, mostly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, were diagnosed in 43 patients (4.7%), with a mean (SD) time from hospital admission to superinfection diagnosis of 10.6 (6.6) days. Overall mortality was 9.8% (97/989). Patients with community-acquired co-infections and hospital-acquired superinfections had worse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS:Co-infection at COVID-19 diagnosis is uncommon. Few patients developed superinfections during hospitalization. These findings are different compared to those of other viral pandemics. As it relates to hospitalized patients with COVID-19, such findings could prove essential in defining the role of empiric antimicrobial therapy or stewardship strategies.
Authors: A Oliva; G Ceccarelli; C Borrazzo; M Ridolfi; G D 'Ettorre; F Alessandri; F Ruberto; F Pugliese; G M Raponi; A Russo; A Falletta; C M Mastroianni; M Venditti Journal: Infection Date: 2021-05-26 Impact factor: 3.553
Authors: Jorge Calderón-Parra; Antonio Muiño-Miguez; Alejandro D Bendala-Estrada; Antonio Ramos-Martínez; Elena Muñez-Rubio; Eduardo Fernández Carracedo; Javier Tejada Montes; Manuel Rubio-Rivas; Francisco Arnalich-Fernandez; Jose Luis Beato Pérez; Jose Miguel García Bruñén; Esther Del Corral Beamonte; Paula Maria Pesqueira Fontan; Maria Del Mar Carmona; Rosa Fernández-Madera Martínez; Andrés González García; Cristina Salazar Mosteiro; Carlota Tuñón de Almeida; Julio González Moraleja; Francesco Deodati; María Dolores Martín Escalante; María Luisa Asensio Tomás; Ricardo Gómez Huelgas; José Manuel Casas Rojo; Jesús Millán Núñez-Cortés Journal: PLoS One Date: 2021-05-11 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Fernanda Meira; Estela Moreno-García; Laura Linares; Irene Macaya; Adria Tomé; Marta Hernández-Meneses; Laia Albiach; Laura Morata; Laura Letona; Marta Bodro; Alberto Cózar-Llistó; Celia Cardozo; Mariana Chumbita; Cristina Pitart; Juan Ambrosioni; Verónica Rico; Daiana Agüero; Pedro Puerta-Alcalde; Nicole Garcia-Pouton; Francesc Marco; Carolina Garcia-Vidal; Alex Soriano; José Antonio Martínez Journal: Infect Dis Ther Date: 2021-06-11
Authors: Ben Morton; Kayla G Barnes; Jennifer Cornick; Kondwani C Jambo; Catherine Anscombe; Khuzwayo Jere; Prisca Matambo; Jonathan Mandolo; Raphael Kamng'ona; Comfort Brown; James Nyirenda; Tamara Phiri; Ndaziona P Banda; Charlotte Van Der Veer; Kwazizira S Mndolo; Kelvin Mponda; Jamie Rylance; Chimota Phiri; Jane Mallewa; Mulinda Nyirenda; Grace Katha; Paul Kambiya; James Jafali; Henry C Mwandumba; Stephen B Gordon Journal: Nat Commun Date: 2021-06-11 Impact factor: 14.919
Authors: Christine J Kubin; Thomas H McConville; Donald Dietz; Jason Zucker; Michael May; Brian Nelson; Elizabeth Istorico; Logan Bartram; Jennifer Small-Saunders; Magdalena E Sobieszczyk; Angela Gomez-Simmonds; Anne-Catrin Uhlemann Journal: Open Forum Infect Dis Date: 2021-05-05 Impact factor: 3.835